Greenhouse Gas Emissions Due to Concrete Manufacture

Flower, David Jonathan Mark; Sanjayan, Jay

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804524-4.00001-4

Cited by 44 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Concrete is the most widely used construction material on the planet (Henry and Kato 2014;Flower and Sanjayan 2007), and concrete production is believed to be responsible for up to 8 % of all CO 2 emissions worldwide (Pade and Guimaraes 2007;Huntzinger and Eatmon 2009), 2.5 % of all UK CO 2 emissions and the third largest source of CO 2 emissions in the USA (Habert and Roussel 2009;Huntzinger and Eatmon 2009). The manufacture of cementitious products is largely to blame for these emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In concrete products, this can reduce the reluctance from producers to explore potential options in sustainable concrete production (Hayes et al 2015). Portland cement (PC) is currently the only economic concrete binder, without any main addition, that matches the requirements for durability and performance (Zhang et al 2014;Li et al 2015) PC is composed primarily of calcium silicate minerals (Huntzinger and Eatmon 2009) and was found to be the primary source of CO 2 emissions generated by typical commercially produced concrete mixes, being responsible for 74 to 81 % of total CO 2 emissions (Flower and Sanjayan 2007). For example, CEM I concrete utilises PC as its only binder and it produces around 1 t of CO 2 for every tonne that is manufactured (Imbabi et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A comparative cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of three concrete mix designs

Tait

Cheung

2016

Int J Life Cycle Assess

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The concrete industry faces challenges to create concrete mix designs that reduce negative environmental impacts but also maintain high performance. This has led to 'greener' cementitious materials being developed which can decrease the use of traditional Portland cement (PC). This study intended to carry out a 'cradle-to-gate' life cycle assessment (LCA) on concrete mix designs containing different cementitious blends. Methods The aim of this study was to obtain the overall environmental impact, with a particular focus on carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions of three concrete mix designs: CEM I (100 % PC content), CEM II/B-V (65 % PC content, 35 % Fly Ash (FA) content) and CEM III/B (30 % PC content, 70 % ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) content). Evaluations of the three concrete mixes were performed using 'SimaPro 8' LCA software. A comparative cradle-to-gate LCA of these mixes has not currently been explored and could present a new insight into improving the environmental impact of concrete with the use of secondary materials. Recommendations from this work would help the industry make key decisions about concrete mix designs.Results and discussion Results show that Mix 2 (CEM II/B-V) and Mix 3 (CEM III/B) could potentially be taken forwards to improve their environmental impacts of concrete production. With respect to optimum mix design, it is strongly recommended that GGBS is selected as the addition of choice for reducing CO 2 emissions. FA does still considerably improve sustainability when compared to PC, but this work proved that inclusion of GGBS environmentally optimises the mix design even further. Advantages of using GGBS include lower CO 2 emissions, a substantial reduction of environmental impacts and an increased scope for sustainability due to the higher PC replacement levels that are permitted for GGBS. Due to mix designs enabling a higher contribution of GGBS additions, it would also indicate an increased positive effect regarding waste scenarios. Conclusions and recommendations The main contribution of this work demonstrated that concrete can be produced without loss of performance whilst significantly reducing the negative environmental impacts incurred in its production. The results obtained from this work would help to define the available options for optimising concrete mix design. The only material variations in each mix were the different cementitious blends. So, by determining the best option, a platform to make recommendations can be established based upon cementitious materials.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of three concrete mix designs

Tait

Cheung

2016

Int J Life Cycle Assess

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CO 2 emission by concrete will include all activities related to manufacture and till placement of concrete material. The results are indicated from a case study below in terms of equivalent CO 2 emission (16) . The above data are from Australia (16) as per their manufacturing practice and placement methods.…”

Section: Green House Gas Emission Due To(16) Concrete Manufacturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results are indicated from a case study below in terms of equivalent CO 2 emission (16) . The above data are from Australia (16) as per their manufacturing practice and placement methods. CO 2 emission per ton of cementitious binder as per South Africa (17) = 765 Kg.…”

Section: Green House Gas Emission Due To(16) Concrete Manufacturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sustainable Concrete for Applications

Ganguly¹

2016

IJRET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Structural performance of ambient‐cured reinforced geopolymer concrete beams with steel fibres

Hassan

Arif

Shariq

2020

Structural Concrete

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present investigation, the structural behavior of reinforced geopolymer concrete (RGPC) beams containing steel fiber has been studied. Four‐point flexural loading condition was applied in this experimental study; for testing the RGPC beams. The deflections of the RGPC were gauged at the mid‐span of the specimens. The crack patterns and failure mode of RGPC beam specimens were measured during the testing process. From these measurements, it has been observed that the steel fibers control cracking due to plastic and drying shrinkages. The length and width of cracks generally improved with the increment of steel fiber content. The findings also indicate that the flexural strength and elastic modulus of RGPC are remarkably enhanced due to the incorporation of steel fibers. Furthermore, the failure mode of RGPC is almost similar to the failure mode of conventional concrete. However, the RGPC performed better than the conventional concrete in terms of flexural strength and other mechanical properties. It has also been noticed that the increase of a/d ratio results in shifting the flexural failure mode in the mid‐span regions towards the support points. The experimental results have been compared with the relevant published literature as well as with the different standard codes.

show abstract

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Due to Concrete Manufacture

Cited by 44 publications

References 5 publications

A comparative cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of three concrete mix designs

A comparative cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of three concrete mix designs

Sustainable Concrete for Applications

Structural performance of ambient‐cured reinforced geopolymer concrete beams with steel fibres

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About