Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles via Biological Entities

Abstract

Nanotechnology is the creation, manipulation and use of materials at the nanometre size scale (1 to 100 nm). At this size scale there are significant differences in many material properties that are normally not seen in the same materials at larger scales. Although nanoscale materials can be produced using a variety of traditional physical and chemical processes, it is now possible to biologically synthesize materials via environment-friendly green chemistry based techniques. In recent years, the convergence between nanotechnology and biology has created the new field of nanobiotechnology that incorporates the use of biological entities such as actinomycetes algae, bacteria, fungi, viruses, yeasts, and plants in a number of biochemical and biophysical processes. The biological synthesis via nanobiotechnology processes have a significant potential to boost nanoparticles production without the use of harsh, toxic, and expensive chemicals commonly used in conventional physical and chemical processes. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent trends in synthesizing nanoparticles via biological entities and their potential applications.

Green synthesis of bimetallic Pt@Cu nanostructures for catalytic oxidative desulfurization of model oil

“…The bioreduction mechanism of the aqueous plant leaf extract is believed to be due to the presence of the bioactive molecules such as quercetin, proteins, polyphenolic compounds, terpenoids and reducing sugars in the aqueous leaf extract [45][46][47]. In the present investigation, it was evidenced from FTIR analysis that the reduction of platinum and copper ions mixture was predominantly performed by the O-H functional group of quercetin, which has been identified as one of the bioactive chemical constituents isolated from the crude methanolic leaf extract of A. laxiflora [34,35].…”

Green Filters: A Low Cost an Effective Way to Treating Waste Water

“…Their Nano size provides them more surface areas than the corresponding bulk forms, advanced reactivity and a tunable nature of several properties. These special properties have encouraged the development of nanoscience and the application of NPs in wide range of fields like biomedicine, cosmetics, electronic, food, environmental examination and remediation or paints [3].…”

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles from waste banana plant stems and their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus Epidermis

“…Therefore, to avoid the disadvantages associated with traditional manufacturing processes new green chemistrybased procedures using biological entities such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, and plant extracts are currently under investigation. [18][19][20][21] Among the alternatives, the use of plant extracts offers a straight-forward, clean and eco-friendly method of producing noble nanoparticles such as Au and Ag. 22,23 However, very little research has been done investigating the possible utilization of naturally occurring agricultural plant wastes for the biogenic synthesis of Ag nanoparticles.…”