Green Pattern Concept for Rooftop Landscape Architecture Study Program, Trisakti University Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

<p>A garden is an outdoor relaxation area, set aside for the display of plants and other natural habitats solitary to human life. However, due to the reduced open space in urban areas, turning parks into gardens has become common. Therefore, a roof garden is an attractive option because it is private, and accessible to only certain people. Presently, the Study Program Landscape Architecture Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia, has a roof garden used to support certain subjects' practical activities. However, the concept of a green pattern applied to the roof garden of this institution is not optimal. Therefore, this study aims to determine the design principles that have not been maximized in the roof garden of Study Program Landscape Architecture due to inaccuracy in the arrangement of the green pattern. This is descriptive research intended to describe and examine the characteristics, relationships, similarities, and differences of green patterns in the roof garden with other phenomena.</p>

Business response to mandatory corporate social responsibility with evidence from India

“…In 2007, Sweden mandated all stateowned companies to present annual sustainability reports based on Global Reporting Initiative guidelines and include CSR activities in these reports (Hąbek & Wolniak, 2013). With the first of its kind in 2009, Indonesia passed a law mandating every limited liability company in all business sectors to carry out CSR (Fauzi, 2009). In 2009, Denmark mandated CSR reporting for all companies with over 250 employees, EUR 19 million or more in assets, and EUR million or more in revenues (Buhmann, 2013).…”

“…However, in Indonesia and India, public regulation is taken to a different level by introducing mandatory expenditure and reporting on CSR (Fauzi, 2009;Waagstein, 2011). The Indonesian government did not specify the amount spent and left that part voluntary (Fauzi, 2009;Waagstein, 2011). In India, private self-regulation on CSR started in 2009 as CSR voluntary guidelines for reporting (Dhameja, 2016;Gupta & Chakradhar, 2022, p. 202).…”

“…The Indian government passed a law mandating CSR expenditure of 2% of the average net profits from the last three financial years (Kapoor & Dhamija, 2017). The evolution of CSR is seen from being purely voluntary and philanthropic before 2000 to private self-regulation in the early 2000s, to public regulation on CSR reporting a few years later, and finally, public regulation on CSR expenditure in early years of second decade of the 21st century (Fauzi, 2009;Hąbek & Wolniak, 2013;Poddar & Narula, 2020).…”

“…In the early 2000s, the regulation started globally as private self-regulation with adherence to common reporting standards but slowly protracted public regulation on additional custom-mandated reporting standards by various European countries (Hąbek & Wolniak, 2013). However, in Indonesia and India, public regulation is taken to a different level by introducing mandatory expenditure and reporting on CSR (Fauzi, 2009;Waagstein, 2011). The Indonesian government did not specify the amount spent and left that part voluntary (Fauzi, 2009;Waagstein, 2011).…”

Thermal Performance of Residential Hause Using Green Roof by Utilizing the Passion Fruit Plants (Passiflora Edulis) as Roof Cover

“…The success of green roofs depends on their ability to integrate plant species that can adapt to the specific environmental conditions of the building, which may include wind, drought, and temperature. By selecting suitable plants, green roofs can effectively contribute to the roof's insulation and overall efficiency (Koryati et al, 2021;Yuliani et al, 2021) This passive cooling utilizes vegetation as a roof cover to create shadows which will certainly reduce the high temperature of the room (Fauzi & Yuslim, 2021) In addition, vines equipped with a wire frame as a media for vines will function to maintain humidity in dry areas, muffle sound, absorb dust and combustion gases, withstand exposure to radiation from the sun, and help lower room temperatures in buildings (Fibrianto & Hilmy, 2018) In addition to aesthetic appeal, passive systems can have a positive impact on the environment by improving air quality. This is achieved by increasing oxygen levels, among other benefits.…”