Green-low-cost rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries using hollow porous spinel ZnMn₂O₄as the cathode material

Abstract

Deficient spinel ZnMn2O4 with a hollow porous structure was prepared through a solvothermal carbon template dispersed by polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

Cryptomelane-Type KMn8O16 as Potential Cathode Material — for Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery

“…In fact, the schematic illustration of charge/discharge mechanism for Zn/KMn 8 O 16 hybrid aqueous battery in Figure 6 is a little different from those in previous reports by our groups (Wu et al, 2015, 2017). K + , Zn 2+ and Mn 2+ co-exist in the electrolyte.…”

“…However, the cycling performance of battery with 0.05 mol/L MnSO 4 is much better than that without MnSO 4 in Figure 7A, and the discharge capacity of the former is still up to 77.0 mAh/g even after 100 cycles, which is much higher than that 41.7 mAh/g of the latter. The main reason is that the addition of MnSO 4 has inhibited Mn dissolution, decreased the polarization overpotential and facilitated zinc dissolution (Wu et al, 2017), which has improved the cycleability of the electrode.…”

Dendrite Growth Suppression by Zn2+‐Integrated Nafion Ionomer Membranes: Beyond Porous Separators toward Aqueous Zn/V2O5 Batteries with Extended Cycle Life

“…Therefore, the contact resistance is reduced with the added advantage of increased number of accessible redox active sites that promotes the Zn 2+ uptake capacity, thereby contributing to the high capacity of the cell. The better charge transport is evident from the low charge transfer resistance ( R ct ) value of 110 Ω (Figure S12c, Supporting Information) for the V‐3M‐Nafion cell compared with other literature reports adopting the conventional coating methods . The reversible Zn 2+ insertion is further investigated by the XPS analysis, and the corresponding data with a relevant explanation is given in SI (Section S13, Figure S13a–c, Supporting Information).…”

Mn3O4@NC Composite Nanorods as a Cathode for Rechargeable Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries

“…Due to the activation, the specific capacity increases in the initial cycles. [13,27,49,50] The storage and reaction mechanisms were studied by CV and EIS tests to further discover the underlying cause for the improvement of electrochemical performance of Mn 3 O 4 @NC Nrs electrode. Even measured at higher current density of 1000 mA g À 1 , Mn 3 O 4 @NC Nrs can also exhibit a satisfactory capacity of 97 mAh g À 1 after 700 cycles (Figure 6e).…”

“…Lots of issues, however, such as safety and environment problems, rising cost, limited raw-materials, and insufficiency in power density of LIBs still remain and have attracted growing concerns about the development and utilization of new energy resources. [11][12][13] Meanwhile, it is of great importance to reduce the environment pollution and the cost by using aqueous electrolyte, but the high polarization, the narrow voltage range of Zn 2 + and the water splitting in the aqueous battery system limit many cathode materials for the intercalation of Zn 2 + . [8][9][10] Aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) will be the promising candidate for the new energy storage technologies because of inherent safety, nontoxicity, low flammability, and low equilibrium.…”