Green jobs: addressing the critical issues surrounding the environment, workplace, and employment

2017

10.14746/prt

Abstrakt: Istnieje bogata literatura popierająca powszechne i bezwarunkowe gwarancje publiczne przeciw rozwiązaniom kierowanym i opartym na kryterium dochodowym.Przedmiotem tego artykułu są dwie takie propozycje -dochód podstawowy i gwarancja zatrudnienia. Ocenia on wpływ każdej z nich na stabilność makroekonomiczną, utrzymując, że bezpośrednie tworzenie miejsc pracy posiada elementy stabilizujące, których brak w propozycji dochodu podstawowego. W świetle dyskusji na temat nowoczesnych finansów i dynamiki rynku pracy dochód podstawowy jawi się jako wewnętrznie inflacjogenny i potencjalnie wywołujący stagflację. Po przebadaniu makroekonomicznej wykonalności obu programów artykuł opisuje ich zalety z punktu widzenia środowiska naturalnego.Argumentuje, że "zielone" konsekwencje dochodu podstawowego wystąpią prawdopodobnie nie wskutek jego modus operandi, ale z powodu podatków wprowadzonych dla jego sfinansowania. Natomiast gwarancja zatrudnienia może służyć jako instytucjonalny środek

Section: Wzrost Podział Dochodu I śRodowiskounclassified

Section: Zatrudnienie W Usługach Publicznych I śRodowiskounclassified

Jakie są względne zalety makroekonomiczne i wpływ na środowisko płynące z bezpośredniego tworzenia miejsc pracy oraz dochodu podstawowego?

2017

10.14746/prt

“…There are a number of proposals that represent such a bottom-up orientation to fiscal policy: some focus on conventional public works that would absorb all of the unemployed over the long run (as in Keynes 1936), others include the Employer of Last Resort (Minsky 1986, Wray 1998, Buffer Stock Employment (Mitchell 1998), Public Service Employment (Harvey 1989), Job Guarantee (Ginsburg 1983), Green Jobs model (Forstater 2004), or the proposal for Full Employment through Social Entrepreneurship (Tcherneva 2012c). All programs share the common objective of securing true full employment over the long run by providing a voluntary employment opportunity for any unemployed individual, who is ready, willing and able to work, in a project that serves the public purpose.…”

Section: The Alternative: a Bottom-up Approach To Fiscal Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Orienting Fiscal Policy: A Critical Assessment of Fiscal Fine-Tuning

2013

SSRN Journal

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The Levy Economics Institute Working Paper Collection presents research in progress by Levy Institute scholars and conference participants. The purpose of the series is to disseminate ideas to and elicit comments from academics and professionals. Terms of use: Documents inLevy Economics Institute of Bard College, founded in 1986, is a nonprofit, nonpartisan, independently funded research organization devoted to public service. Through scholarship and economic research it generates viable, effective public policy responses to important economic problems that profoundly affect the quality of life in the United States and abroad. 1 ABSTRACTThe present paper offers a fundamental critique of fiscal policy as it is understood in theory and exercised in practice. Two specific demand-side stabilization methods are examined here:conventional pump priming and the new designation of fiscal policy effectiveness found in the New Consensus literature. A theoretical critique of their respective transmission mechanisms reveals that they operate in a trickle-down fashion that not only fails to secure and maintain full employment but also contributes to the increasing postwar labor market precariousness and the erosion of income equality. The two conventional demand-side measures are then contrasted with the proposed alternative-a bottom-up approach to fiscal policy based on a reinterpretation of Keynes's original policy prescriptions for full employment. The paper offers a theoretical, methodological, and policy rationale for government intervention that includes specific directemployment and investment initiatives, which are inherently different from contemporary hydraulic fine-tuning measures. It outlines the contours of the modern bottom-up approach and concludes with some of its advantages over conventional stabilization methods.

“…Research on direct job creation has identified some potentially transformational effects on poor women and destitute communities of such programs, which will be discussed below (Tcherneva 2005;Tcherneva and Wray 2005a,b,c,d). Other scholars have advocated that ELR take the form of a Green New Deal or a Green Jobs Corps that launches a massive environmental renewal effort and public investment in green technology (Forstater 2004).…”

Section: Elr Is An Institutional Vehicle To Achieve Other Socioeconommentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Full Employment: The Employer of Last Resort as an Institution for Change

2012

SSRN Journal

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in September 2012The Levy Economics Institute Working Paper Collection presents research in progress by Levy Institute scholars and conference participants. The purpose of the series is to disseminate ideas to and elicit comments from academics and professionals.Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, founded in 1986, is a nonprofit, nonpartisan, independently funded research organization devoted to public service. Through scholarship and economic research it generates viable, effective public policy responses to important economic problems that profoundly affect the quality of life in the United States and abroad. ABSTRACTOver the past decade and a half the ability of the employer-of-last-resort (ELR) proposal to deliver full employment and price stability has been discussed at length in the literature. A different issue has received relatively little attention-namely, the concern that even when the ELR produces these macroeconomic benefits, it does so by offering "low-paying" "dead-end" jobs, further denigrating the unemployed. In this context, the important buffer stock feature of the ELR is misconstrued as a hydraulic mechanism that prioritizes macroeconomic stability over the program's benefits to the unemployed.This paper argues that the two objectives are not mutually exclusive by revisiting Argentina's experience with Plan Jefes and its subsequent reform. Plan Jefes is the only direct job creation program in the world specifically modeled after the modern ELR proposal developed in the United States. With respect to macroeconomic stability, the paper reviews how it exhibits some of the key stabilizing features of ELR that have been postulated in the literature, even though it was not designed as an unconditional job guarantee. Plan Jefes also illustrated that public employment programs can have a transformative impact on persistent socioeconomic problems such as poverty and gender disparity. Women-by far the largest group of program beneficiaries-report key benefits to their communities, families, children, and (importantly) themselves from participation in Jefes.Argentina's experience shows that direct job creation programs that offer employment at a base wage can have the unique capacity to empower and undermine prevailing structures that produce and reproduce poverty and gender disparities. Because the latter two problems are multidimensional, the ELR cannot be treated as a panacea, but rather as an important policy t...