Green enzymatic production of glyceryl monoundecylenate using immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B

Abstract

Enzymatic synthesis of glyceryl monoundecylenate (GMU) was performed using indigenously immobilized Candida anatarctica lipase B preparation (named as PyCal) using glycerol and undecylenic acid as substrates. The effect of molar ratio, enzyme load, reaction time, and organic solvent on the reaction conversion was determined. Both batch and continuous processes for GMU synthesis with shortened reaction time were developed. Under optimized batch reaction conditions such as 1:5 molar ratio of undecylenic acid and glycerol, 2 h of reaction time at 30% substrate concentration in tert-butyl alcohol, conversion of 82% in the absence of molecular sieve, and conversion of 93% in the presence of molecular sieve were achieved. Packed bed reactor studies resulted in high conversion of 86% in 10-min residence time. Characterization of formed GMU was performed by FTIR, MS/MS. Enzymatic process resulted in GMU as a predominant product in high yield and shorter reaction time periods with GMU content of 92% and DAG content of 8%. Optimized GMU synthesis in the present study can be used as a useful reference for industrial synthesis of fatty acid esters of glycerol by the enzymatic route.

Synthesis of designer triglycerides by enzymatic acidolysis

“…Soluble Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase [TLL] is a sn-1, 3 specific lipase that targets the terminal positions of triglycerides and is a highly effective catalyst to carry out position specific replacement of fatty acids in triglycerides [ 19 ]. In the present study, TLL was immobilized on polystyrene divinyl-benzene beads of Indion PA 500 resin by physical adsorption using method adapted from Yadav et al [ [20] , [21] ]. Indion PA 500 is a polystyrene divinyl-benzene support which is highly hydrophobic in nature and is a cheaper alternative to hydrophobic supports available commercially.…”

Production of Pentaerythritol Monoricinoleate (PEMR) by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B

“…Indion ® PA 500 resin was purchased from Ion Exchange, (India). Candida antarctica B soluble lipase was immobilized via interfacial activation (physical adsorption) on Indion ® PA 500 resin and named as PyCal lipase [39,40]. Molecular sieves 3 Å were purchased from Hi-Media Laboratories (India).…”

Enzyme Biocatalysis for Sustainability Applications in Reactors: A Systematic Review

“…Temperature of 60 °C is found to be the most common and optimal temperature for the majority of biocatalysis, namely, transesterification, esterification, hydrolysis, interesterification, and glycerolysis reactions. − …”

“…Factors such as temperature and agitation of the reactor affect the amount of time taken for reaction. The residence time in biocatalysis ranges from 1 to 8 h. ,,,− …”