Green composites: A review of adequate materials for automotive applications

Koronis, Georgios; Silva, Arlindo; Fontul, Mihail

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.07.004

Cited by 977 publications

(523 citation statements)

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“…In this regards, some of the engineering applications like sports articles, panel boards, gardening items and food packaging industries are developed from the bio-composites with minimum ecological impact and also they do not require any excellent mechanical properties 19,20 . However, the sacrificing strength of natural fiber composites should be considered into account before the replacement of any composite product fabricated with synthetic fiber particularly in the field of automobile and construction industries 21,22 . Among various natural fibers, the existence of banana fibers provide accountable contribution to thermoset polymer matrix composites for the attainment of various properties such as mechanical, thermal degradation, swelling and dielectric properties [23][24][25] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Water Intake Properties of Banana-Carbon Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Ramesh

Ravi²,

Manikandan³

et al. 2017

Mat. Res.

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The concern for the environmental pollution and the prevention of resources has attracted researchers to develop new eco-friendly green materials based on sustainability principles. In this experimental study, there are six different composite samples were fabricated by using banana and carbon fibers with epoxy resin matrix. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and water uptake properties of these composites have been evaluated. The composites reinforced with pure carbon fibers can hold the maximum tensile strength of 288.03 MPa, flexural strength of 3.12 kN, impact strength of 4.58 J and water intake percentage of 62.3%. Whereas the composites reinforced with carbon and banana fibers can withstand the maximum tensile strength of 277.06 MPa, flexural strength of 3.07 kN, impact strength of 4.36 J and water intake percentage of 70%. The finite element analysis has been carried out to predict the mechanical properties of the composites by using ANSYS 15.0. The experimental results are compared with the predicted values and have found that, there is a high correlation occurs between the results. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis is carried out to study the fiber matrix interfaces and analyse the structure of the fractured and water absorbed surfaces.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Water Intake Properties of Banana-Carbon Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Ramesh

Ravi²,

Manikandan³

et al. 2017

Mat. Res.

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“…Natural fiber reinforced composites have shown significant importance in the composite industry and the good reinforcing potential of these fibers has led to extensive use of these composites in automotive applications (Jawaid and Abdul Khalil 2011;La Mantia and Morreale 2011;Faruk et al 2012;Bledzki and Gassan 1999;Koronis et al 2013;Puglia et al 2005). The use of cellulosic fibers obtained from bast, leaf, seed, wood, straw and grass as reinforcements in plastics has increased in recent decades (Faruk et al 2012;Ramamoorthy et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of biocomposites from surface modified regenerated cellulose fibers and lactic acid thermoset bioresin

et al. 2015

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The effect of surface treatments, silane and alkali, on regenerated cellulose fibers was studied by using the treated fibers as reinforcement in lactic acid thermoset bioresin. The surface treatments were performed to improve the physico-chemical interactions at the fiber-matrix interface. Tensile, flexural and impact tests were used as indicator of the improvement of the interfacial strength. Furthermore, thermal conductivity, viscoelasticity measurements as well as microscopy images were made to characterize the fiber surface treatments and the effect on adhesion to the matrix. The results showed that silane treatment improved the mechanical properties of the composites as the silane molecule acts as link between the cellulose fiber and the resin (the fiber bonds with siloxane bridge while the resin bonds with organofunctional group of the bi-functional silane molecule) which gives molecular continuity in the interphase of the composite. Porosity volume decreased significantly on silane treatment due to improved interface and interlocking between fiber and matrix. Decrease in water absorption and increase in contact angle confirmed the change in the hydrophilicity of the composites. The storage modulus increased when the reinforcements were treated with silane whereas the damping intensity decreased for the same composites indicating a better adhesion between fiber and matrix on silane treatment. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the thermal stability of the reinforcement altered after treatments. The resin curing was followed using differential scanning calorimetry and the necessity for post-curing was recommended. Finite element analysis was used to predict the thermal behavior of the composites and a non-destructive resonance analysis was performed to ratify the modulus obtained from tensile testing. The changes were also seen on composites reinforced with alkali treated fiber. Microscopy images confirmed the good adhesion between the silane treated fibers and the resin at the interface.

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“…the by-product from the manufacturing industry, [4] have been developed. A natural based material can be defined as a product made from renewable agricultural and forestry feedstock, including crops and crop by-products and their residues [8]. Biocomposites are also made with the use of various other ingredients, e.g., feather, cellulose fibres, coconut, flax, sisal, Ensete ventricosum, seeds of Phoenix, rice -husk, jute etc [1; 5; 6; 9-14] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Polymeric particle composites based on filler from hen egg-shells

Petrásek

Müller

2017

Engineering for Rural Development

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Abstract. The paper deals with utilization of a by-product from the food industry, namely waste coming into being at processing hen eggs, i.e. egg-shells. Polymeric particle composites, i.e. structural two-component epoxy resins CHS EPOXY 324 Lepox 1200 filled with microparticles from hen egg-shells of 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt. % concentrations, were used within the research. The aim of the research was to evaluate the possibilities of the use of the microparticles based on hen egg-shells as the filler in the structural two-component resin. Another aim was to determine the influence of the filler content in the structure of the composite material on the mechanical properties, i.e. the tensile strength, elongation at break and hardness. The tensile strength was increased of 22 % at 10 wt. % egg-shell microparticle filler. The elongation at break was decreased with increasing the filler weight up of 34.5 %. The influence of the filler on the hardness was not statistically proved, however, the filler proved good wettability with the matrix. A scanning electron microscopy MIRA 3 TESCAN (SEM) was used for the description of the created composite material. The research was based on an assumption of an optimization of the waste utilization from renewable resources with the aim to gain a material providing good mechanical properties. The egg-shell microparticle filler proved the effectivity in the area of filling two-component epoxy resin also at high concentrations, i.e. to 40 wt. %.Keywords: composite, egg-shell microparticles, elongation at break, hardness, tensile strength. IntroductionThe paper deals with utilization of a by-product from the food industry, namely waste coming into being at processing hen eggs. The production of hen eggs on an industrial level leads to an essential amount of shells, which are regarded as waste or they are used as a supplement in agriculture. Generally, it can be said that the egg-shells are of no economic value [1]. However, they are rich in minerals. This material can be regarded [2] as a source of the calcium filler. Many studies proved their positive influence [1] as an ingredient in various products. It has been demonstrated that using lowcost materials and a relatively simple process complex supports with a mixed inorganic-organic structure can be synthesized [3]. The recent research has been focused on development of biological composites where a matrix or a reinforcement is of a biological essence [4][5][6][7]. At present composites containing the biological reinforcement based on waste, i.e. the by-product from the manufacturing industry, [4] have been developed. A natural based material can be defined as a product made from renewable agricultural and forestry feedstock, including crops and crop by-products and their residues [8]. Biocomposites are also made with the use of various other ingredients, e.g., feather, cellulose fibres, coconut, flax, sisal, Ensete ventricosum, seeds of Phoenix, rice -husk, jute etc [1; 5; 6; 9-14] .About several hundred thousand tons of egg-shell ...

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Green composites: A review of adequate materials for automotive applications

Cited by 977 publications

References 44 publications

Mechanical and Water Intake Properties of Banana-Carbon Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Mechanical and Water Intake Properties of Banana-Carbon Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Performance of biocomposites from surface modified regenerated cellulose fibers and lactic acid thermoset bioresin

Polymeric particle composites based on filler from hen egg-shells

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