Green and eco-friendly montmorillonite clay for the removal of Cr(III) metal ion from aqueous environment

N-Phenyl acrylamide-incorporated porous silica-bound graphene oxide sheets with excellent removal capacity for Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) from wastewater

“…The findings of the current study are in accordance with ref. 84. Similarly, after the adsorption of Cr( iii ), a peak of about 2.97% appeared in the EDX spectrum along with the presence of C, N, O, Si, and S with somewhat diminished peak intensities.…”

Removal of Pb2+ from Wastewater By γ‐Fe2O3@SHFA Based on Alkali‐Modified Fly Ash: Performance and Mechanism

“…The coagulation kinetics of Pb 2+ removal by γ‐Fe 2 O 3 @SHFA was fitted and analyzed by the pseudo‐first‐order (Equation ()) and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equations (Equation ()) [ 31,32 ] $$\[ \begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{Q_t} = {Q_{\rm{e}}}\left( {1 - {{\rm{e}}^{ - {k_1}t}}} \right)}\end{array} \]$$ $$\[ \begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{{Q_t} = \frac{{Q_{\rm{e}}^2{k_2}t}}{{1 + {Q_{\rm{e}}}{k_2}t}}}\end{array} \]$$where Q e (mg g −1 ) is the Pb 2+ removed capacity at equilibrium; and k 1 (min −1 ) and k 2 (g mg −1 min −1 ) are the pseudo‐first‐order and pseudo‐second‐order rate constants, respectively.…”

“…The coagulation kinetics of Pb 2+ removal by γ-Fe 2 O 3 @SHFA was fitted and analyzed by the pseudo-first-order (Equation ( 3)) and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations (Equation ( 4)) [31,32] ( )…”

Methods to prepare biosorbents and magnetic sorbents for water treatment: a review

“…The adsorption of different heavy metal cations, including trivalent chromium, hexavalent chromium (Essebaai et al 2022;Mdlalose et al 2021), lead (Jabłońska 2021;Jiang et al 2021a;Sun et al 2023a), zinc (Jabłońska 2021;Jiang et al 2021a), nickel (Jabłońska 2021), cadmium (Szewczuk-Karpisz et al 2022;Tonk et al 2022;Zeng et al 2023), and barium (Atun and Bascetin 2003;Mundim et al 2022) have been reported. The efficiency of clay and clay minerals in heavy metal adsorption has been linked to the clay's high cation exchange capacity, high specific surface area, and high swelling properties (Essebaai et al 2022). According to Szewczuk-Karpisz et al ( 2022), heavy metals usually adsorb onto the inner-sphere complexes of the clay minerals via ionic exchange and on the silicon monoxide and aluminium oxide surface groups.…”