Gray- and White-Matter Anatomy of Absolute Pitch Possessors

Dohn, Anders; Garza‐Villarreal, Eduardo A.; Chakravarty, M. Mallar; Hansen, Mads; Lerch, Jason P.; Vuust, Peter

doi:10.1093/cercor/bht334

Cited by 46 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…In line with the key role of rhythm in mediating the emotional valence and arousal induced by music, musical pulse, or rhythm has also been shown to engage amygdala and hippocampus (Alluri et al, 2012; Toiviainen et al, 2014), the latter playing a role also in auditory working memory (Burunat et al, 2014). Musical training has also been linked to increased hippocampal and amygdala volume (Oechslin et al, 2013; Dohn et al, 2015; Vaquero et al, 2016), providing converging support for our finding of decreased volume of these structures in non-recovered amusia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Revisiting the Neural Basis of Acquired Amusia: Lesion Patterns and Structural Changes Underlying Amusia Recovery

et al. 2017

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Although, acquired amusia is a common deficit following stroke, relatively little is still known about its precise neural basis, let alone to its recovery. Recently, we performed a voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) and morphometry (VBM) study which revealed a right lateralized lesion pattern, and longitudinal gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) changes that were specifically associated with acquired amusia after stroke. In the present study, using a larger sample of stroke patients (N = 90), we aimed to replicate and extend the previous structural findings as well as to determine the lesion patterns and volumetric changes associated with amusia recovery. Structural MRIs were acquired at acute and 6-month post-stroke stages. Music perception was behaviorally assessed at acute and 3-month post-stroke stages using the Scale and Rhythm subtests of the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA). Using these scores, the patients were classified as non-amusic, recovered amusic, and non-recovered amusic. The results of the acute stage VLSM analyses and the longitudinal VBM analyses converged to show that more severe and persistent (non-recovered) amusia was associated with an extensive pattern of lesions and GMV/WMV decrease in right temporal, frontal, parietal, striatal, and limbic areas. In contrast, less severe and transient (recovered) amusia was linked to lesions specifically in left inferior frontal gyrus as well as to a GMV decrease in right parietal areas. Separate continuous analyses of MBEA Scale and Rhythm scores showed extensively overlapping lesion pattern in right temporal, frontal, and subcortical structures as well as in the right insula. Interestingly, the recovered pitch amusia was related to smaller GMV decreases in the temporoparietal junction whereas the recovered rhythm amusia was associated to smaller GMV decreases in the inferior temporal pole. Overall, the results provide a more comprehensive picture of the lesions and longitudinal structural changes associated with different recovery trajectories of acquired amusia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Revisiting the Neural Basis of Acquired Amusia: Lesion Patterns and Structural Changes Underlying Amusia Recovery

et al. 2017

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“…As the authors of the latter study state, TBSS is a relatively conservative technique, which may account for the differences reported in earlier studies not being replicated here [43]. However, TBSS analysis did indicate that AP musicians had significantly higher FA in a single WM cluster within the path of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, UF and the ILF compared with non-AP musicians [43]. Contrastingly, Imfeld and colleagues [39] reported no significant differences between AP musicians ( n = 13) and non-AP musicians ( n = 13), so subsequently collapsed the two groups into a single group of musicians for additional analysis.…”

Section: Using Dt-mri To Investigate the Effects Of Musical Trainimentioning

confidence: 73%

Can Musical Training Influence Brain Connectivity? Evidence from Diffusion Tensor MRI

Moore¹,

Schaefer

Bastin

et al. 2014

Brain Sciences

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In recent years, musicians have been increasingly recruited to investigate grey and white matter neuroplasticity induced by skill acquisition. The development of Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DT-MRI) has allowed more detailed investigation of white matter connections within the brain, addressing questions about the effect of musical training on connectivity between specific brain regions. Here, current DT-MRI analysis techniques are discussed and the available evidence from DT-MRI studies into differences in white matter architecture between musicians and non-musicians is reviewed. Collectively, the existing literature tends to support the hypothesis that musical training can induce changes in cross-hemispheric connections, with significant differences frequently reported in various regions of the corpus callosum of musicians compared with non-musicians. However, differences found in intra-hemispheric fibres have not always been replicated, while findings regarding the internal capsule and corticospinal tracts appear to be contradictory. There is also recent evidence to suggest that variances in white matter structure in non-musicians may correlate with their ability to learn musical skills, offering an alternative explanation for the structural differences observed between musicians and non-musicians. Considering the inconsistencies in the current literature, possible reasons for conflicting results are offered, along with suggestions for future research in this area.

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“…Musical performance alters WM architecture [96,97]. Professional pianists who began playing during adolescence demonstrate improved WM integrity [98] and WM plasticity, as shown by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) [99].…”

Section: Environmentally Influenced Changes In Myelin Structure and Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

All Wrapped Up: Environmental Effects on Myelination

Forbes

Gallo

2017

Trends in Neurosciences

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Summary To date, studies have demonstrated the dynamic influence of exogenous environmental stimuli on multiple regions of the brain. This environmental influence positively and negatively impacts programs governing myelination, and acts on myelinating oligodendrocyte (OL) cells across the entire human lifespan. Developmentally, environmental manipulation of OL progenitor cells (OPCs) has profound effects on the establishment of functional cognitive, sensory, and motor programs. Furthermore, central nervous system (CNS) myelin remains an adaptive entity in adulthood, sensitive to environmentally induced structural changes. Here, we discuss the role of environmental stimuli on mechanisms governing programs of CNS myelination under normal and pathological conditions. Importantly, we highlight how these extrinsic cues can influence the intrinsic power of myelin plasticity to promote functional recovery.

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Gray- and White-Matter Anatomy of Absolute Pitch Possessors

Cited by 46 publications

References 122 publications

Revisiting the Neural Basis of Acquired Amusia: Lesion Patterns and Structural Changes Underlying Amusia Recovery

Revisiting the Neural Basis of Acquired Amusia: Lesion Patterns and Structural Changes Underlying Amusia Recovery

Can Musical Training Influence Brain Connectivity? Evidence from Diffusion Tensor MRI

All Wrapped Up: Environmental Effects on Myelination

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