Graphite filter atomizer in atomic absorption spectrometry

Atomic Spectroscopy

“…For the element B, the isotopic ratio of 10 B/ 11 B could be determined by Zeeman effect background-corrected graphite furnace AAS and the results found were in good agreement with those of quadrupole ICPMS. Katskov showed that graphite filter atomizers for the case of high and medium volatility elements in matrixes associated with strong spectral and chemical interferences have advantages over commonly used electrothermal vaporizers and atomizers, tube and platform furnaces at the hand of analytical applications using organic liquids and slurries, biosamples, and food samples. Trenin et al , studied the use of an electrothermal vaporization unit with axially focusing convection upstream and the influence of modifiers.…”

Determination of As, Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb in biological samples by modern electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

“…One possibility is the use of GFAs based on the introduction of on line sources that may be particularly suitable for high and medium volatility elements such as As and Hg, thereby avoiding use of chemical modifiers while coping with large sample sources. Following this approach, a transversely heated GFA has been used with good results for determination of Cd and Pb in biological samples [156,181], opening a new means for further advances. Additional improvements in the atomizer (particularly those related to GF or GFA composition), in software and in detectors, can prevent vapor condensation on the atomizer surface, improving long-term repeatability of analytical signals, and further reducing background interferences and the time between sequential measurements by more efficient cooling of the atomizer.…”

Atomic Spectrometry Update. Advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

“…Katskov 167 summarised the advantages offered by his graphite filter atomizer over conventional ETA and ETV devices. The separation of vaporisation of sample from the absorption volume allows greater freedom from interferences and lower detection limits to be obtained.…”