Graphing Within-Subjects Effects

Lane, David M.

doi:10.20982/tqmp.15.3.p174

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Keep in mind that summary statistics along with adequate error bars is the bare minimum. Informative plots should be supplemented with information illustrating the whole distribution whenever possible, as was done with jittered dots (Lane, 2019), rainclouds (Allen et al, 2019), andviolins (Marmolejo-Ramos &Matsunaga, 2009). These layouts are packaged in superb, but custom layouts can be added.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Summary Plots With Adjusted Error Bars: The superb Framework With an Implementation in R

Cousineau

Goulet

Harding

2021

Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science

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Plotting the data of an experiment allows researchers to illustrate the main results of a study, show effect sizes, compare conditions, and guide interpretations. To achieve all this, it is necessary to show point estimates of the results and their precision using error bars. Often, and potentially unbeknownst to them, researchers use a type of error bars—the confidence intervals—that convey limited information. For instance, confidence intervals do not allow comparing results (a) between groups, (b) between repeated measures, (c) when participants are sampled in clusters, and (d) when the population size is finite. The use of such stand-alone error bars can lead to discrepancies between the plot’s display and the conclusions derived from statistical tests. To overcome this problem, we propose to generalize the precision of the results (the confidence intervals) by adjusting them so that they take into account the experimental design and the sampling methodology. Unfortunately, most software dedicated to statistical analyses do not offer options to adjust error bars. As a solution, we developed an open-access, open-source library for R— superb—that allows users to create summary plots with easily adjusted error bars.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the third panel of Figure 1, a raincloud layout is used that shows the raw data with jittered dots and their distribution with a half-violin plot (Allen et al, 2019;Lane, 2019;Marmolejo-Ramos & Matsunaga, 2009;Rousselet et al, 2017;Weissgerber et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Adjustment For the Purpose Of The Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary Plots With Adjusted Error Bars: The superb Framework With an Implementation in R

Cousineau

Goulet

Harding

2021

Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science

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“…In this study, contextualized qualitative data were transformed by giving numerical meaning to quotes (scoring) [ 73 ] on the basis of “popularity coding” for robust presentation and visualization [ 74 ]. Although some have criticized the quantification of qualitative data [ 75 ], our proposed theme and subtheme “popularity coding” approach is based on the argument that the finality of data analysis is to meaningfully represent data and arrive at conclusions that mirror the data [ 76 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Reasons for Low Cataract Surgery Uptake Among Patients Detected in a Community Outreach Program in Cameroon: Focused Ethnographic Mixed Methods Study

Mbwogge¹,

Nkumbe²

2022

JMIRx Med

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Background Vision 2020: The Right to Sight, was one potential way to deal with the barriers surrounding cataract surgery and improve access to eye care. To this effect, the Magrabi International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) Cameroon Eye Institute (MICEI) has performed more than 1000 sight-restoring cataract surgeries among patients referred from outreach camps. However, quite a good number of patients diagnosed with cataracts during community screening camps fail to present for surgery. This study sought to explore some of the challenges to accepting cataract surgery among community-diagnosed patients with cataract, patients operated for cataract, and community members. Objective The study objective was 5-fold: (1) to assess the level of awareness about cataract and available treatment, (2) to explore barriers to cataract surgery uptake, (3) to assess people’s perception about the outcome of cataract surgery, (4) to understand people’s perception about free cataract surgery, and (5) to explore reasons for outright refusal of cataract surgery. Methods This was a focused ethnographic study from December 2018 through February 2019 in 3 different communities of the Center Region of Cameroon, in which patients with cataract were diagnosed. The study sample was composed of patients operated for cataract, those diagnosed with cataract, key informants, and community members. Focus group discussions (FGDs), personalized in-depth interviews, and a short demographic questionnaire were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and Stata 14 (StataCorp). Data were presented using tabular and graphical methods. Results A total of 29 subjects (19 men) with a mean age of 54.5 (SD 14.5) years took part in the study. The most prominent barriers to cataract surgery were found to be cost (25/29, 86%) and fear of surgery (17/29, 59%). It was also noted by 41% (12/29) of subjects that those who do not take up cataract surgery turn to traditional medicine. Other barriers included the lack of awareness of available treatment (6/29, 21%), no perceived need (5/29, 17%), cultural beliefs and superstition (4/29, 14%), and negligence (4/29, 14%). Conclusions We found cost (25/29, 86%) and fear (17/29, 59%) to be the main barriers. Belief in traditional medicine and superstition were the main drivers of fear. The implementation of a tiered pricing system, counseling training for key informants, incentives for the referral of patients with cataract, mass media engagement, advocacy, training and active involvement of traditional doctors as key informants, acquisition of a 4×4 outreach van, and motorbikes for camp organizers were some of the recommendations based on our results.

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Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Agricultural Products, Food Systems and Management Program, Department of Food Production and Environmental Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University

2020

Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Japan

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Graphing Within-Subjects Effects

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Summary Plots With Adjusted Error Bars: The superb Framework With an Implementation in R

Summary Plots With Adjusted Error Bars: The superb Framework With an Implementation in R

Exploring the Reasons for Low Cataract Surgery Uptake Among Patients Detected in a Community Outreach Program in Cameroon: Focused Ethnographic Mixed Methods Study

Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Agricultural Products, Food Systems and Management Program, Department of Food Production and Environmental Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University

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