Graphic warning labels on plain cigarette packs: Will they make a difference to adolescents?

McCool, Judith; Webb, Lisa A.; Cameron, Linda D.; Hoek, Janet

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.12.043

Cited by 60 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…He believed that images were fabricated to get desired outcomes, and it led him to question the credibility of messages, which corresponds to the existing research (McCool, Webb, Cameron, & Hoek, 2012;Hardcastle et al, 2016).…”

Section: Experiences Of Graphic Warning Labelsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Qualitative Study of Attitudes towards Smoking and Anti-Smoking Measures among Korean Male Smokers in Australia

Choi¹,

Banwell²

2017

GJHS

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The study aims to explore how Korean male smokers living in Australia talk and feel about smoking and how they have understood and experienced tobacco control policies in Australia-including price increase, display ban, plain packaging, and graphic warning labels. A qualitative study was conducted based on in-depth face-to-face interviews with 8 Korean male smokers aged 23-40 years living in Canberra. Participants discussed social and cultural conditions in Korea under which smoking is practiced and maintained. Smoking as a means of socialising and relaxation were consistently discussed as the main reasons for continued smoking which was deeply embedded in their everyday lives as habit or part of routines. The health risks of smoking were not among the immediate or ultimate considerations influencing participants. Participants commented that price increases had affected them most but other measures had little impact on their smoking behaviours, although they acknowledged their potentials in deterring younger people. Future anti-smoking interventions in Korea should address the significant social and cultural determinants of smoking and acknowledge smokers' own understanding of their smoking and anti-smoking measures. Appreciating smokers' diverse representations of their own smoking and their attitudes towards health and anti-smoking measures would increase acceptance of policies and the probability that they will be successful, leading to positive outcomes.

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Section: Experiences Of Graphic Warning Labelsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Qualitative Study of Attitudes towards Smoking and Anti-Smoking Measures among Korean Male Smokers in Australia

Choi¹,

Banwell²

2017

GJHS

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“…renkli zemin veya 'mentollü' yazýsýnýn olduðu paket) karýþýk bir zemin üzerinde mi verilmesi gerektiði ile ilgilidir (örn., 21,22). Ýlk olarak, sigara üreticileri sigara paketlerini pazarlama amacýyla kullanabilmektedirler.…”

Section: Düz Paket Uygulamasýna Geçilmeli Mi?unclassified

“…Paket üzerinde sigara uyarýsý dýþýnda kalan alanlarýn bu þekilde kullanýl-masý da bireylerin sigara içmeyi daha olumlu deðer-lendirmelerine yol açabilmektedir Örneðin bir çalýþmada daha açýk renkli ve üzerinde 'hafif' ya da 'yumuþak' yazan paketlerde bulunan sigaralarýn, saðlýða daha az zararlý olarak algýlandýðý bildirilmektedir (23). Ayrýca, sigara uyarýsý dýþýnda kalan alanýn bu þekilde tasarlanmasý, sigara paketi üzerinde hem olumlu hem de olumsuz mesajlarýn bir arada verilmesine ve dolayýsýyla bu paketlere maruz kalan kiþilerin kafasýnýn karýþmasýna neden olabilmektedir (21). Buna ek olarak, daha belirgin sigara uyarýlarýnýn sigara býrakma davranýþý üzerinde daha olumlu etkilerinin olduðu bildirilmektedir.…”

Section: Düz Paket Uygulamasýna Geçilmeli Mi?unclassified

A Review on the Effects of Health Warnings Printed on Cigarette Packages on Smokers

Malatyalı¹,

Sunal²

2017

J Clin Psy

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SUMMARYPrinting warning messages on cigarette packages is one of the policies against smoking. Millions of people are exposed to these warning messages every day. Therefore, it is essential to improve the effectiveness of these messages and evaluate their effects on individuals. This study aims to discuss the studies investigating health warnings on cigarette packages. In this context, studies about the design of warning messages (e.g. Should we use combined warnings which contain pictorials and texts together or should they contain only pictorials or only texts?; Do we need to return to plain packages?) on cigarette packages were reviewed. Then, studies related to the content of the messages were reviewed since the content of the messages (i.e. message framing) could also be effective on smoking just as the package design. Graphic warning labels on cigarette packages may generate defensive reactions. In this regard, these defensive reactions against graphic warning labels were addressed within the frameworks of psychological reactance theory (1), cognitive dissonance theory (2), terror management theory (3) and self-affirmation theory (4). Finally, how these defensive reactions could be reduced (e.g. framing sentences as questions instead of affirmative sentences) was reviewed on the basis of related literature.

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“…The perception towards individuals that smoke also changes: smokers of tobacco products with plain packs are seen as addicts, outdated, and belonging to a lower social class than smokers of brand packs 7,23,24 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the country has still not adopted a public policy to enforce plain packaging on tobacco products, as suggested by Articles 11 and 13 of the FCTC 3 . Meanwhile, the combination of brand packs and graphic health warnings sends an inconsistent health message to consumers 24 . The WHO recommendation of completely standardized, plain packaging appears to be ideal for promoting healthy habit changes in the population 25 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adoção de embalagens padronizadas de produtos de tabaco no Brasil: contribuição da ciência da decisão à proteção do direito humano à saúde

d'Ornellas¹,

Brust‐Renck

2017

Cad. Saúde Pública

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Smoking is a serious global health problem (and the leading cause of preventable death), currently causing nearly six million deaths every year from direct consumption or indirect exposure, of which one million occur in the Americas 1 . Given this reality and the addictive nature of tobacco, public policies are needed to reduce (or eliminate) tobacco consumption, especially cigarettes 2,3 . The World Health Organization (WHO) thus launched negotiations in the 1990s for the first multilateral treaty to protect the human right to health, through the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) 3 , in force since February 27, 2005. A milestone in human rights that places the right to health above trade agreements and copyright treaties, the FCTC recommended a series of measures to reduce the demand for tobacco, especially by controlling consumption (i.e., education, addiction treatment), marketing (i.e., prices, taxes, content, packaging, advertising), and measures against exposure to tobacco smoke in society. Importantly, the FCTC also includes provisions on reduction of the tobacco supply, environmental protection, accountability issues, scientific and technical cooperation, and communication of information.The changes recommended by the FCTC include a ban on tobacco sales (especially cigarettes) in packaging that displays the company colors and logos associated with brands 3 . These would be replaced by new packaging with standard dimensions in which the background would be a single color, with warning labels and images on the health risks from tobacco. The only carry-over from the old display would be the brand name, but always printed in the same font, color, and size, since cigarette and other tobacco product packages influence individual perception and are thus capable of "tricking" the products' consumers 3 .When the tobacco industry perceived the threat to one of its promotional tools, it launched a series of maneuvers against the adoption of plain packaging, arguing that the effectiveness of such changes had not been proven scientifically and that the change would have no real effect on tobacco consumption 4 . In reaction to these maneuvers, a series of studies were conducted with smokers and non-smokers to investigate the psychological (i.e., perception), social (i.e., social appeal), and biological effect (i.e., neurological activation) of cigarette pack images on smoking prevalence and prevention. The aim of the current article is to present the results of these studies -and thus the scientific argument behind this specific provision in the FCTC that has motivated bills of law in Brazil and elsewhere in the world.Plain packaging of tobacco products in Brazil: the contribution of science to the decision to safeguard the human right to health Adoção de embalagens padronizadas de produtos de tabaco no Brasil: contribuição da ciência da decisão à proteção do direito humano à saúde Embalaje simple de productos de tabaco en Brasil: la contribución de la ciencia a la decisión de salvaguardar el derecho huma...

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Graphic warning labels on plain cigarette packs: Will they make a difference to adolescents?

Cited by 60 publications

References 20 publications

A Qualitative Study of Attitudes towards Smoking and Anti-Smoking Measures among Korean Male Smokers in Australia

A Qualitative Study of Attitudes towards Smoking and Anti-Smoking Measures among Korean Male Smokers in Australia

A Review on the Effects of Health Warnings Printed on Cigarette Packages on Smokers

Adoção de embalagens padronizadas de produtos de tabaco no Brasil: contribuição da ciência da decisão à proteção do direito humano à saúde

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