Graphene synthesis: relationship to applications

Edwards, Rebecca S.; Coleman, Karl S.

doi:10.1039/c2nr32629a

Cited by 659 publications

(384 citation statements)

References 219 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

373

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…35,36 Reacting graphite with strong acid (H 2 SO 4 ) and strong oxidant (KMnO 4 ), known as the modified Hummers method, is another common method used to obtain predominantly stage 1 GIC. 37 In the graphite bisulphate, the graphite structure remains mainly intact because the guest molecules are only located in between the carbon layers, whereas chemical intercalation with a strong oxidant negatively affects the graphite's electronic properties as its conjugated sp 2 structure is disrupted. Intercalation is also possible using milder conditions through co-intercalation with iron chloride (FeCl 3 ) and nitromethane (CH 3 NO 2 ).…”

Section: Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically converted graphene: scalable chemistries to enable processing and fabrication

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graphene, a nanocarbon with exceptional physical and electronic properties, has the potential to be utilized in a myriad of applications and devices. However, this will only be achieved if scalable, processable forms of graphene are developed along with ways to fabricate these forms into material structures and devices. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the chemistries suitable for the development of aqueous and organic solvent graphene dispersions and their use for the preparation of a variety of polymer composites, materials useful for the fabrication of graphene-containing structures and devices. Fabrication of the processable graphene dispersions or composites by printing (inkjet and extrusion) or spinning methods (wet) is reviewed. The preparation and fabrication of liquid crystalline graphene oxide dispersions whose unique rheologies allow the creation of graphene-containing structures by a wide range of industrially scalable fabrication techniques such as spinning (wet and dry), printing (ink-jet and extrusion) and coating (spray and electrospray) is also reviewed.

show abstract

Section: Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically converted graphene: scalable chemistries to enable processing and fabrication

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…of graphene layers and to be able to separate these layers into individual sheets of graphene, van der Waals forces need to be overcome [13]. This approach is referred to as the top-down approach.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several challenges are associated with this approach, like surface defects that occur during sheet separation and the separated sheets reagglomerating afterwards. In general, the top-down approaches offer low yields and are tedious procedures [13]. While the top-down approach focuses on breaking graphene precursor (graphite) into atomic layers from a stack (Fig.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene synthesis: a Review

Shams

Zhang

Zhu

2015

Materials Science-Poland

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graphene has achieved a great amount of popularity and interest from the science world because of its extraordinary physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Graphene is an allotrope of carbon, having one-atom-thick planar sheets of sp 2 bonded carbon atoms densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. Many methods to synthesize graphene have been developed over a short period and we believe it is necessary to create a list of the most notable approaches. This article focuses on the methods to synthesize graphene in an attempt to summarize and document advancements in the synthesis of graphene research and future prospects.

show abstract

“…In the top-down approach, layers of graphite are simply separated to get the graphene layer. But to do this, van der waals interaction between the layers need to be broken [8]. However, there are several challenges with this method such as defects in the surfaces may occur during the preparation of sheets of graphene and the discrete sheets cumulate subsequently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are several challenges with this method such as defects in the surfaces may occur during the preparation of sheets of graphene and the discrete sheets cumulate subsequently. Generally, the top-down approach offers low yield and the process is very tedious [8]. In the bottom-up approach, carbon molecules which are procured from different origins are used as building blocks [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene and graphene oxide as nanomaterials for medicine and biology application

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graphene-and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials have gained broad interests in research because of their unique physiochemical properties. The 2D allotropic structure allows it to be used in various biological fields. The biomedical applications of graphene and its composite include its use in gene and small molecular drug delivery. It is further used for biofunctionalization of protein, in anticancer therapy, as an antimicrobial agent for bone and teeth implantation. The biocompatibility of the newly synthesized nanomaterials allows its substantial use in medicine and biology. The current review summarizes the chemical structure and biological application of graphene in various fields.

show abstract

Graphene synthesis: relationship to applications

Cited by 659 publications

References 219 publications

Chemically converted graphene: scalable chemistries to enable processing and fabrication

Chemically converted graphene: scalable chemistries to enable processing and fabrication

Graphene synthesis: a Review

Graphene and graphene oxide as nanomaterials for medicine and biology application

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About