Graphene oxide (rGO)-metal oxide (TiO2/Fe3O4) based nanocomposites for the removal of methylene blue

A Review Paper on Heterogeneous Fenton Catalyst: Types of Preparation, Modification Techniques, Factors Affecting the Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in the Wastewater Treatment

“…In addition, it was also found that catalytic activity was suppressed with the increase of temperature [17]. Another researcher developed a catalyst rGO-Fe3O4-TiO2 with a ratio of 1:1:2 and about 99% of dye was degraded in only 6 minutes [4]. Similarly, many scientists worked with the prepared catalyst by sol-gel method for degradation of dye like Rhodamine B and Cu-Embedded Alumina [21], acid orange-II and Fe-doped TiO2 [7], methylene blue dye and Ag-SiO2@-Fe2O3 [146], Orange G and TiO2/stainless steel mesh photo-electrode [147], methyl orange and TiO2/Fe3O4 [148].…”

“…Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy instrument is generally used to characterize the catalyst in terms of availability of functional groups like carboxyl (-COOH), a hydroxyl group (C-OH), epoxide (C-O-C), lactone etc. and associated chemical bonding [225,226]. In the investigation range functional group varies from wavenumber 400 to 4000 cm -1 [227].…”

“…Many researchers are working on the treatment of wastewater generated from different industries like printing, dye [1], plastic, paint [2], textile [3], food, leather [4], petroleum [5], paper [6], cosmetics [7], distilleries [8], steel, rice mill, fractory nature [28][29][30]. For the treatment of generated wastewater, various conventional and non-conventional methods like coagulation method [31], biological method [32], ion exchange method have been used, but among these methods, advanced oxidation technology (AOTs) is very effective comparatively [16,33].…”

“…Some examples of heterogeneous catalyst and pollutants are Fe-SBA-15/H2O2 and Rhodamine B [28], FeOx,SiO2,TiO2/Ti/H2O2 and phenol [22], FeZSM-5 and Reactive Red 120 [29], Fe 3+ /Cu 2+grafted ZnO [37], copper loaded bentonite and Yellow FCF [38], Cu-Zeolites and 2-( m e t hy l m e r c a p t o ) -be n z o t h i a zo l e [ 3 9 ] , Fe/clinoptilolite zeolite and phenol [23], Cum o d i f i e d a l k a l i n i z e d g -C 3 N 4 [ 4 0 ] , CuO/Fe2O3/SBA-15 and N, N-diethyl-p-phenyl diamine degradation [41], Fe2O3/ACF and of acid red B [42], Fe/OMC and 4-chlorophenol [24], GO-Fe2O3 [43], HPW-Fe-Bent and methyl orange [44], Fe/meso-Al2O3 and phenol [45], Fe(III)-SiO2 and polyacrylamide [46], Fe(III)-HY [47], Fe-doped TiO2 and carboxylic acids [48], CsxH3−xPW12O40 [49], CuFeZSM-5 and Rhodamine 6G [50], Bi-doped goethitehematite and actual pesticide [51], Ag2O-ZnO [52], Schwertmannite and phenol [26], Fe- titanate [53], Ferric giniite [54], Fe3O4-GO and phenol [27], BiFeO3-g-C3N4 and lignin [55], MoS2/Fe3O4 [56], Ag loaded CoFe2O4/Fe2O3 and R6G [57]. Figure 1 (a, b, c, and d) shows the number of research papers related to the appli-cation of the hydrothermal method [57][58][59], wet impregnation method [22,28,29], sol-gel method [4,17,60], precipitation and co-precipitation method [61...…”

Nanocellulose as a sustainable material for water purification

“…Several carbon-based materials such as multidoped carbon fibers, graphene oxide, and so forth have been used studies related to the decontamination of wastewater. [103][104][105] Among these, graphene oxide (GO) sheets have found use as a selective membrane allowing permeation of molecules and ions into the aqueous solutions. [103,106] GO, when prepared from graphite by chemical exfoliation, has recently been discovered to be a nanomaterial full of potential for adsorption owing to its large surface area, extremely reactive surface due to the profuse carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups, and its super-hydrophobic π-π interactions.…”