Graphene-like nano-sheets for surface acoustic wave gas sensor applications

Arsat, Rashidah; Breedon, Michael; Shafiei, Mahnaz; Spizziri, P.; Gilje, Scott; Kaner, Richard B.; Kalantar‐zadeh, Kourosh; Włodarski, W.

doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2008.11.039

Cited by 359 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Theoretical studies predict a range of rich physical phenomena arising from SAW-graphene interactions, [3][4][5] and graphene's potential as an extraordinarily responsive sensing material 2 is being exploited for the development of SAW sensors. For example, SAW devices have been reported that are responsive to hydrogen and carbon monoxide, 6 and moisture. 7,8 Huan et al 9 have very recently reported ZnO/glass humidity sensors with high sensitivity, exploiting a graphene oxide sensing layer, where the frequency response of the sensors was primarily caused by mass loading effects, which were also studied by Whitehead et al in graphene-quartz SAW devices.…”

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confidence: 99%

Acoustoelectric photoresponse in graphene

Poole

Bandhu

Nash

2015

Applied Physics Letters

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The acoustoelectric current in graphene has been investigated as a function of illumination, using blue (450 nm) and red (735 nm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and surface acoustic wave (SAW) intensity and frequency. The measured acoustoelectric current increases with illumination, more than the measured change in the conductivity of the graphene, whilst retaining a linear dependence on the SAW intensity. The latter is consistent with the interaction between the carriers and SAWs being described by a relatively simple classical relaxation model suggesting that the change in the acoustoelectric current is caused by the effect of the illumination on the electronic properties of the graphene. The increase in the acoustoelectric current is greatest under illumination with the blue LED, consistent with the creation of a hot electron distribution.

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confidence: 99%

Acoustoelectric photoresponse in graphene

Poole

Bandhu

Nash

2015

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Theoretical studies predict a range of rich physical phenomena arising from SAW-graphene interactions [14][15][16][17], and graphene's potential as an extraordinarily responsive sensing material [18] is being exploited for the development of SAW sensors. For example, SAW devices that are responsive to hydrogen and carbon monoxide [19], and moisture [20][21][22][23] have been reported. Acoustic charge transport has also very recently been reported in graphene [24,25], and we have investigated it in monolayer graphene, produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and transferred onto lithium niobate SAW devices, both at room temperature [26], at low temperature [27], and under illumination [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the properties of surface acoustic waves using graphene

Bandhu

Nash

2015

Nano Res.

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Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are elastic waves that propagate on the surface of a solid, much like waves on the ocean, with SAW devices used widely in communication and sensing. The ability to dynamically control the properties of SAWs would allow the creation of devices with improved performance or new functionality. However, so far it has proved extremely difficult to develop a practical way of achieving this control. In this paper we demonstrate voltage control of SAWs in a hybrid graphene-lithium niobate device. The velocity shift of the SAWs was measured as the conductivity of the graphene was modulated using an ion-gel gate, with a 0.1% velocity shift achieved for a bias of approximately 1 V. This velocity shift is comparable to that previously achieved in much more complicated hybrid semiconductor devices, and optimization of this approach could therefore lead to a practical, cost-effective voltage-controlled velocity shifter. In addition, the piezoelectric fields associated with the SAW can also be used to trap and transport the charge carriers within the graphene. Uniquely to graphene, we show that the acoustoelectric current in the same device can be reversed, and switched off, using the gate voltage.

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“…Recent works suggest that, somewhat thicker-at three atomic layers-molybdenum disulphide and tungsten disulphide sheets are also piezoelectric 7 . Graphene, owing to both its exotic properties and abundant availability, is arguably the most well-understood two-dimensional (2D) material and with several emergent applications [2][3][4][5][6]8 . Unfortunately, graphene is inherently non-piezoelectric and (usually) conductive (exceptions being certain configurations of graphene nanoribbons).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A vailability of atomically thin piezoelectric materials are expected to have numerous applications in the area of nanoelectromechanical systems, which include stretchable smart electronics 1 , skins 2 , switches 3 and many types of sensors [4][5][6] , among others. Currently, boron nitride nanosheets appear to be the only material system that fit this profile.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anomalous piezoelectricity in two-dimensional graphene nitride nanosheets

et al. 2014

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Piezoelectricity is a unique property of materials that permits the conversion of mechanical stimuli into electrical and vice versa. On the basis of crystal symmetry considerations, pristine carbon nitride (C 3 N 4 ) in its various forms is non-piezoelectric. Here we find clear evidence via piezoresponse force microscopy and quantum mechanical calculations that both atomically thin and layered graphitic carbon nitride, or graphene nitride, nanosheets exhibit anomalous piezoelectricity. Insights from ab inito calculations indicate that the emergence of piezoelectricity in this material is due to the fact that a stable phase of graphene nitride nanosheet is riddled with regularly spaced triangular holes. These non-centrosymmetric pores, and the universal presence of flexoelectricity in all dielectrics, lead to the manifestation of the apparent and experimentally verified piezoelectric response. Quantitatively, an e 11 piezoelectric coefficient of 0.758 C m À 2 is predicted for C 3 N 4 superlattice, significantly larger than that of the commonly compared a-quartz.

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Graphene-like nano-sheets for surface acoustic wave gas sensor applications

Cited by 359 publications

References 16 publications

Acoustoelectric photoresponse in graphene

Acoustoelectric photoresponse in graphene

Controlling the properties of surface acoustic waves using graphene

Anomalous piezoelectricity in two-dimensional graphene nitride nanosheets

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