Graphene derivatives reinforced metal matrix nanocomposite coatings: A review

Abstract

Due to the extraordinary mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), these materials have the potential to become ideal nanofillers in the electrodeposited nanocomposite coatings. This article provides an overview of literature on the improvements of properties associated with graphene, GO, and rGO-reinforced coatings, along with the processing parameters and mechanisms that would lead to these improvements in electrodeposited metal matrix nanocomposite coatings, where those affected the microstructural, mechanical, tribological, and anti-corrosion characteristics of coatings. The challenges associated with the electroplating of nanocomposite coatings are addressed. The results of this survey indicated that adding graphene into the plating bath led to a finer crystalline size in the composite coating due to increasing the potential development of specific crystalline planes and the number of heterogeneous nucleation sites. This consequently caused an improvement in hardness and in tribological properties of the electrodeposited coating. In graphene reinforced metallic composites, the severe adhesive wear mechanism for pure metallic coatings was replaced by abrasive wear and slight adhesive wear, where the formation of a tribolayer at the contact surface increased the wear resistance and decreased friction coefficient. Furthermore, superhydrophobicity and smaller grain size resulted from embedding graphene in the coating. It also provided a smaller cathode/anode surface ratio against localized corrosion, which has been found to be the main anti-corrosion mechanism for graphene/metal coating. Lastly, the study offers a discussion of the areas of research that need further attention to make these high-performance nanocomposite coatings more suitable for industrial applications.

Electrodeposition of Tin-Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite from Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Choline Chloride and Ethylene Glycol

“…Graphene-based materials attracted in recent years a tremendous amount of interest due to their unique thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties [1][2][3], which make them suitable to be used as fillers in the electrochemically prepared composite coatings [4,5].…”

“…Generally, it is largely accepted that electrodeposition procedure represents a lower cost route, meanwhile allowing the fabrication of various protective and functional coatings under relatively high deposition rates and microstructure control. A large range of metal and alloy composite coatings incorporating various graphene related materials could be produced, having applications in various areas including industrial and medical processes, sensors, energy and electronics [4][5][6][7].…”

“…Due to the stable dispersion in water of GO, the one-step co-electrodeposition of graphene oxide with metals was usually developed to prepare metal/graphene composites, as one of the most suitable strategies [4][5][6].…”

“…The increase of the solder corrosion resistance for electronic packaging applications [32] 20 g L −1 C 2 H 3 NaO 2 0.5 g L −1 SLS 0.125-0.5 g L −1 GO While the reinforcement of metal and alloy coatings with graphene derivatives may provide enhanced characteristics mainly from mechanical, tribological, and corrosion protection viewpoints, their low dispersibility due to strong van der Waals interactions that cause agglomerates, represents a critical point. Currently, composite coatings with homogeneous Gr, GO, or rGO distribution can be obtained involving various surfactants or dispersing agents and functionalization techniques [4,29,37,38].…”

Synthesis and characterization of hybrid shell microcapsules for anti-corrosion Ni-Co coating

“…In 2016, the corrosion phenomenon was estimated to cost 2.5 trillion dollars globally (3.4% of global products). It is generally accepted that adequate corrosion mitigation techniques might save 15% to 35% of these costs [1][2][3]. Self-healing coatings can prevent corrosion of the substrate even after being damaged.…”