Graphene–BODIPY as a photocatalyst in the photocatalytic–biocatalytic coupled system for solar fuel production from CO2

Abstract

The utilization of CO 2 for production of solar fuels/chemicals is gaining increasing importance due to worldwide fossil-fuel shortage and global warming. As a means to achieve this, we herein report on the synthesis and development of a graphene-based visible light active photocatalyst (CCG-BODIPY) which is chemically converted graphene (CCG) covalently bonded to a light harvesting BODIPY molecule (1picolylamine-2-aminophenyl-3-oxy-phenyl-4,4 0 -difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-4-bora-3a,4adiaza-s-indacene-triazine). The photocatalyst-biocatalyst coupled system developed using CCG-BODIPY as photocatalyst functions in a highly efficient manner, leading to high NADH regeneration (54.02 AE 0.61%), followed by its consumption in exclusive formic acid production (144.2 AE 1.8 mmol) from CO 2 . The present research endeavour highlights the development and application of a graphene based photocatalyst for direct solar fuel formation from carbon dioxide.

Solar-driven proton and carbon dioxide reduction to fuels — lessons from metalloenzymes

“…This Opinion focuses on tight electronic integration between enzymes and light-absorbers, employing four main strategies ( Figure 2): (i) non-specific interaction with light-absorbing components, (ii) specific covalent-linkage, (iii) immobilisation on porous semiconductor nanoparticles, and (iv) photoelectrodes. We will not include multicomponent, soup-like 'cascade' systems, as devised for light-driven, FDH-catalysed CO 2 reduction [40][41][42], which depend on regenerating freely diffusing components like NAD(P)H. It is important to note that, in vivo, enzymes do not operate in dilute solution, but tend to be concentrated together, for example on surfaces like membranes.…”

Chlorine-functionalized reduced graphene oxide for methylene blue removal

“…[7][8][9][10][11] The carboxyl groups can react with amine, secondary amine and other group. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The hydrogen of phenolic hydroxyl in GO can be substituted. [19][20][21][22] Hydroxyl group also can be initiated to grow polymer brushes form GO and reduced graphene oxide (RGO).…”

Recent Progress and Novel Applications in Enzymatic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide

“…The rhodium complex shuttles as an electron mediator between the graphene photocatalyst and NAD + , proving to be an efficient factor for regeneration of the NADH cofactor. Recently, a photocatalystbiocatalyst coupled system developed using graphene-based visible light active photocatalyst in a highly efficient manner, leading to high NADH regeneration (54.02% ± 0.61%), followed by its consumption in exclusive formic acid production (144.2 ± 1.8 µmol) from CO2 [33].…”