Graphene biosensors for bacterial and viral pathogens

Abstract

: The infection and spread of pathogens (e.g., COVID-19) pose an enormous threat to the safety of human beings and animals all over the world. The rapid and accurate monitoring and determination of pathogens are of great significance to clinical diagnosis, food safety and environmental evaluation. In recent years, with the evolution of nanotechnology, nano-sized graphene and graphene derivatives have been frequently introduced into the construction of biosensors due to their unique physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. The combination of biomolecules with specific recognition capabilities and graphene materials provides a promising strategy to construct more stable and sensitive biosensors for the detection of pathogens. This review tracks the development of graphene biosensors for the detection of bacterial and viral pathogens, mainly including the preparation of graphene biosensors and their working mechanism. The challenges involved in this field have been discussed, and the perspective for further development has been put forward, aiming to promote the development of pathogens sensing and the contribution to epidemic prevention.

Porous Graphene Composite Polymer Fibres

“…as indicated by red arrows and circles. These particles correspond with the micrographs of the PG, meaning that some of the graphene has been dispersed onto the surface of the fibre, potentially advantageous as biosensor components and in producing antimicrobial surfaces [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Graphene-based field-effect transistor biosensors for the rapid detection and analysis of viruses: A perspective in view of COVID-19

“…Subsequently, graphene-based sensing schemes have become widely popular nowadays [25] and are being employed by the researchers around the globe for detection of bacterial and viral pathogens [26] , human virus [27] , even for the vitamins [28] (e.g. biotin) with ultrahigh sensitivity and specificity.…”

Viewpoint: How the Graphene Could Help to Decrease SARS-CoV-2 Spread?

“…The receptor is the part that interact specifically with the target molecule [43]. The target molecule can be organic, inorganic or cells, whereas the transducer is the part of the sensor, which converts chemical information into a measurable electrical response [44]. Hence, the presence or concentration of a target molecule can be identified due to graphene can facilitate the electron transfer between the bioreceptor and transducer, which can generate high signal sensitivity for electrochemical sensors.…”