Graphene-based tunable quad-band fan-shaped split-ring metamaterial absorber and refractive index sensor for THz spectrum

Nickpay, Mohammad-Reza; Danaie, Mohammad; Shahzadi, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.micrna.2022.207473

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The sensor operates at a frequency range of 1.4 to 2.4 GHz with Q-factor 1119 and a sensitivity of − 1.4 dB. “A tunable fan-shaped split-ring metamaterial sensor is presented in 44 “ for biomedical application, which operates at THz spectrum from 3 to 11 THz. According to an analysis of the simulation results for various analyte refractive indices, the obtained absorption peaks have sensitivities equal to − 0.913, − 1.55, − 1.96, and − 2.137 dB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-negative metamaterial square enclosed Q.S.S.R For microwave sensing application in S-band with high sensitivity and Q-factor

Khalil

Wong

Islam

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Metamaterials have gained much attention due to their exciting characteristics and potential uses in constructing valuable technologies. This paper presents a double negative square resonator shape metamaterial sensor to detect the material and its thickness. An innovative double-negative metamaterial sensor for microwave sensing applications is described in this paper. It has a highly sensitive Q-factor and has good absorption characteristics approximately equal to one. For the metamaterial sensor, the recommended measurement is 20 by 20 mm. Computer simulation technology (C.S.T.) microwave studios are used to design the metamaterial structure and figure out its reflection coefficient. Various parametric analyses have been performed to optimize the design and size of the structure. The experimental and theoretical results are shown for a metamaterial sensor that is attached to five different materials such as, Polyimide, Rogers RO3010, Rogers RO4350, Rogers RT5880, and FR-4. A sensor’s performance is evaluated using three different thicknesses of FR-4. There is a remarkable similarity between the measured and simulated outcomes. The sensitivity values for 2.88 GHz and 3.5 GHz are 0.66% and 0.19%, respectively, the absorption values for both frequencies are 99.9% and 98.9%, respectively, and the q-factor values are 1413.29 and 1140.16, respectively. In addition, the figure of merit (FOM) is analyzed, and its value is 934.18. Furthermore, the proposed structure has been tested against absorption sensor applications for the purpose of verifying the sensor's performance. With a high sense of sensitivity, absorption, and Q-factor, the recommended sensor can distinguish between thicknesses and materials in various applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-negative metamaterial square enclosed Q.S.S.R For microwave sensing application in S-band with high sensitivity and Q-factor

Khalil

Wong

Islam

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…7b depicts the inverse relationship between the resonance frequency (f 4 ) and the refractive index. The sensitivity (S) is Δf/Δn (THz/ RIU) where Δn and Δf represent change in the refractive index and frequency, respectively [49][50][51] . The S values for frequency modes f 1 , f 2 , f 3 , f 4 , and f 5 were found to be 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning assisted hepta band THz metamaterial absorber for biomedical applications

Jain

Chhabra

Chauhan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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A hepta-band terahertz metamaterial absorber (MMA) with modified dual T-shaped resonators deposited on polyimide is presented for sensing applications. The proposed polarization sensitive MMA is ultra-thin (0.061 λ) and compact (0.21 λ) at its lowest operational frequency, with multiple absorption peaks at 1.89, 4.15, 5.32, 5.84, 7.04, 8.02, and 8.13 THz. The impedance matching theory and electric field distribution are investigated to understand the physical mechanism of hepta-band absorption. The sensing functionality is evaluated using a surrounding medium with a refractive index between 1 and 1.1, resulting in good Quality factor (Q) value of 117. The proposed sensor has the highest sensitivity of 4.72 THz/RIU for glucose detection. Extreme randomized tree (ERT) model is utilized to predict absorptivities for intermediate frequencies with unit cell dimensions, substrate thickness, angle variation, and refractive index values to reduce simulation time. The effectiveness of the ERT model in predicting absorption values is evaluated using the Adjusted R2 score, which is close to 1.0 for nmin = 2, demonstrating the prediction efficiency in various test cases. The experimental results show that 60% of simulation time and resources can be saved by simulating absorber design using the ERT model. The proposed MMA sensor with an ERT model has potential applications in biomedical fields such as bacterial infections, malaria, and other diseases.

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“…Different types of THz absorbers are implemented and numerically investigated to obtain the single-band [27], dual-band [8,11,28], multi-band [29,30] and broadband characteristics [19,31,32]. It is worth noting here that the number of bands depend upon the number of dipoles formed in the resonator [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the band is limited to four, i.e., quad-band in the current study. There are different quad-band THz absorbers reported in many literatures [14,29,30,[34][35][36][37][38], etc However, many of them [14,34,35,38] do not have sufficient guard-band because of which they are not feasible for parallel processing system applications. This is the one current issue in the literature which has not been addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption Enhancement in Silicon-Based Dielectric Resonator for Quad-band Terahertz Biosensing

Gupta,

Maurya

2024

Phys. Scr.

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A technique is implemented to obtain the multi-band perfect absorption (nearly 100%) in an ultrathin silicon-based dielectric resonator (DR) using perturbation. A silicon-based plus-shaped resonator is utilized to design the proposed absorber which provides the four narrow-band absorptions at frequencies of around 5.75, 6.14, 6.48, and 7.24 THz with the level of absorption 54%, 20%, 95%, and 96%, respectively. The plus-shaped resonator is perturbedby cutting slot of plus shape in such a way that it obtains perfect absorption with sufficient guard-band to prevent the multi-band interference in each band. This perturbation provides four absorption peaks at frequencies of around 5.80, 6.27, 6.80, and 7.23 THz, with highly improved absorption in all the bands, i.e., 99.84%, 99.78%, 99.51%, 98.42%, respectively. The ultranarrow absorption peaks with narrow FWHM are suitable for the application of THz biosensing and refractive index analysis. The performance of the proposed absorber is studied with the variation in refractive index of sample. It is found that the proposed absorber provides the high sensitivity 0.186, 0.29, 0.2485, 0.43 THz/RIU and quality factor 280, 185.79, 320.42, and 131.51 for different bands, respectively. The proposed absorber performance is also studied for various THz biosensing applications like the detection of various viruses, malaria, and cancer in the human body at various stages.

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Graphene-based tunable quad-band fan-shaped split-ring metamaterial absorber and refractive index sensor for THz spectrum

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Double-negative metamaterial square enclosed Q.S.S.R For microwave sensing application in S-band with high sensitivity and Q-factor

Double-negative metamaterial square enclosed Q.S.S.R For microwave sensing application in S-band with high sensitivity and Q-factor

Machine learning assisted hepta band THz metamaterial absorber for biomedical applications

Absorption Enhancement in Silicon-Based Dielectric Resonator for Quad-band Terahertz Biosensing

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