Graphene-Based Quantum Hall Interferometer with Self-Aligned Side Gates

Zhao, Lingfei; Arnault, Ethan G.; Larson, Trevyn F. Q.; Iftikhar, Zubair; Seredinski, Andrew; Fleming, Tate; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Amet, François; Finkelstein, Gleb

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03805

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…(c) and (d) Reproduced from [355], with permission from Springer Nature. (e) and (f) Reprinted with permission from [362]. Copyright (2022) American Chemical Society.…”

Section: Graphene Qpcs In the Qh Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Electron wave and quantum optics in graphene

Chakraborti,

Gorini,

Knothe

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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In the last decade, graphene has become an exciting platform for electron optical experiments, in some aspects superior to conventional two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs). A major advantage, besides the ultra-large mobilities, is the fine control over the electrostatics,which gives the possibility of realising gap-less and compact p-n interfaces with high precision. The latter host non-trivial states, \eg, snake states in moderate magnetic fields, and serve as building blocks of complex electron interferometers. Thanks to the Dirac spectrum and its non-trivial Berry phase, the internal (valley and sublattice) degrees of freedom, and the possibility to tailor the band structure using proximity effects, such interferometers open up a completely new playground based on novel device architectures. In this review, we introduce the theoretical background of graphene electron optics, fabrication methods used to realise electron-optical devices, and techniques for corresponding numerical simulations. Based on this, we give a comprehensive review of ballistic transport experiments and simple building blocks of electron optical devices both in single and bilayer graphene, highlighting the novel physics that is brought in compared to conventional 2DEGs. After describing the different magnetic field regimes in graphene p-n junctions and nanostructures, we conclude by discussing the state of the art in graphene-based Mach-Zender and Fabry-Perot interferometers.

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“…(c) and (d) Reproduced from [355], with permission from Springer Nature. (e) and (f) Reprinted with permission from [362]. Copyright (2022) American Chemical Society.…”

Section: Graphene Qpcs In the Qh Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Electron wave and quantum optics in graphene

Chakraborti,

Gorini,

Knothe

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…Recent interference experiments, performed with FPI and MZI in a GaAs-based system, exhibited promising results 10,12,13,24 . Here, we present results of interfering integer [25][26][27][28] and fractional charges in an FPI based on van der Waals-based heterostructures (vdW).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aharonov-Bohm interference and the evolution of phase jumps in fractional quantum Hall Fabry-Perot interferometers based on bi-layer graphene

Ronen,

Kim,

Dev

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Quasi-particles in fractional quantum Hall states are collective excitations that carry fractional charge and anyonic statistics. While the fractional charge affects semi-classical characteristics such as shot noise and charging energies, the anyonic statistics is most notable in quantum interference phenomena. In this study, we utilize a versatile bilayer graphene-based Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (FPI) that facilitates the study of a broad spectrum of operating regimes, from Coulomb-dominated to Aharonov-Bohm, for both integer and fractional quantum Hall states. Focusing on the ν=1⁄3 fractional quantum Hall state, we study the Aharonov-Bohm interference of quasi-particles when the magnetic flux through an interference loop and the charge density within the loop are independently varied. When their combined variation is such that the Landau filling remains 1/3 we observe pristine Aharonov-Bohm oscillations with a period of three flux quanta, as is expected from the interference of quasi-particles of one-third of the electron charge. When the combined variation is such that it leads to quasi-particles addition or removal from the loop, phase jumps emerge, and alter the phase evolution. Notably, across all cases, the average phase consistently increases by 2π with each addition of one electron to the loop.

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“…High-quality monolayer and bilayer graphene-based quantum confinement devices use thin hexagonal-boron nitride (h-BN) sheets as gate dielectrics. − The resulting confinement potential is typically sharper than that in GaAs and the nearby gates offer effective screening. Aharonov–Bohm (AB) oscillations at integer quantum Hall states have been observed recently in monolayer graphene − and bilayer graphene (BLG), respectively. An electric-field-induced band gap in BLG makes it possible to adopt existing strategies in 2D semiconductors to construct mesoscopic devices.…”

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confidence: 99%

Charge Oscillations in Bilayer Graphene Quantum Confinement Devices

Fu,

Huang,

Watanabe

et al. 2023

Nano Lett.

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Quantum confinement structures are building blocks of quantum devices in fundamental physics exploration and technological applications. In this work, we fabricate dual-gated bilayer graphene Fabry–Pérot quantum Hall interferometers employing two different gating strategies and conduct finite element simulations to understand the electrostatics of the confinement structures and to guide device design and fabrication. We observe two types of resistance oscillations arising from the charging of quantum dots formed inside the interferometers. We obtain the size, location, and charging energy of the dots by measuring the dependence of the oscillations on the magnetic field, gate voltages, and dc bias. We analyze and discuss the origin of the quantum dots and their impact on quantum Hall edge state backscattering and interference. Insights gained in these studies shed light on the construction of van der Waals quantum confinement devices.

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Graphene-Based Quantum Hall Interferometer with Self-Aligned Side Gates

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Electron wave and quantum optics in graphene

Electron wave and quantum optics in graphene

Aharonov-Bohm interference and the evolution of phase jumps in fractional quantum Hall Fabry-Perot interferometers based on bi-layer graphene

Charge Oscillations in Bilayer Graphene Quantum Confinement Devices

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