Graphene‐based Disposable Electrochemical Sensor for Chlorhexidine Determination

Abstract

In this work, simple, reliable, eco‐friendly, and quantitative electrochemical sensors were developed to detect chlorhexidine Digluconate (CHX) in a variety of dosage forms, including mouthwashes and intimate douches, as well as chlorhexidine in spiked human saliva. Without any sample pre‐treatment or extraction processes, CHX was measured in colored aqueous formulations. Based on carbon screen‐printed electrodes, two potentiometric sensors (sensors I and II), utilizing graphene nanocomposites (Gr‐NC), were designed (SPEs). An ionophore, 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin, was doped into the Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) polymeric membrane to improve sensor selectivity.

A novel potentiometric sensor based on ZnO decorated polyaniline/coal nanocomposite for diltiazem determination

“…It is well known that the presence of a water layer between the carbon paste and the transducer affects the sensor response, 34 which may cause O 2 or CO 2 to diffuse through the paste. While CO 2 can affect the pH of the interface, O 2 could favor redox side reactions.…”

Ion-Selective All-Solid-State Printed Sensors: A Systematic Review

“…A lack of information regarding the curing and process specification for the printing phase of the conductive electrodes could be observed. This is mainly due to the fact that a high number of works fabricating solid contact ISEs are actually working on the layers regarding the transducing layer and the selective membrane, rather than on the fabrication of the electrode itself, relying on commercially available screenprinted electrodes as starting point [35], [37]- [41], [54], [55], [57].…”

“…One effective solution employed by several works is the combination of PVC with specific ionophores, molecules that can bind a single target ion of interest [26], [27], [45], [47], [48], [51]- [53], [55], [57]- [59], [30], [60], [66], [31]- [33], [35], [40], [42], [44]. To maximize detection performance, it is recommended to have an ISM cocktail that generally includes 1-2% ionophore, 60-70% plasticizer, and 30-40% high molecular weight PVC.…”

Novel solid-contact ion-selective electrode based on a polyaniline transducer layer for determination of alcaftadine in biological fluid

“…SC-ISEs and wearable technologies mixtures have turn out to be a new promising aspect in research area that allows enormous opportunity for commercialization. [34][35][36][37] Moreover, different approaches have been introduced to enhance SC-ISEs in terms of selectivity, biocompatibility, detection limit, sensitivity, anti-biofouling. [38][39][40][41][42] Yet, these SC-ISEs encountered several obstacles such as increase potential dri and difficulty of junctioning between electron-conducting solid contact and ion conducting sensing membrane resulted in standard potential (E 0 ) with time irreproducibility.…”