Graphene: An impermeable or selectively permeable membrane for atomic species?

Tsetseris, Leonidas; Pantelides, Sokrates T.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.055

Cited by 182 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Although E H and E D obviously determine the hydron permeability of 2D crystals (5,(7)(8)(9), their selectivity depends only on DE. Statistical analysis of the data in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Sieving hydrogen isotopes through two-dimensional crystals

Lozada-Hidalgo

Marshall

et al. 2016

Science

280

326

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One-atom-thick crystals are impermeable to atoms and molecules, but hydrogen ions (thermal protons) penetrate through them. We show that monolayers of graphene and boron nitride can be used to separate hydrogen ion isotopes. Using electrical measurements and mass spectrometry, we found that deuterons permeate through these crystals much slower than protons, resulting in a separation factor of ≈10 at room temperature. The isotope effect is attributed to a difference of ≈60 milli-electron volts between zero-point energies of incident protons and deuterons, which translates into the equivalent difference in the activation barriers posed by two-dimensional crystals. In addition to providing insight into the proton transport mechanism, the demonstrated approach offers a competitive and scalable way for hydrogen isotope enrichment.

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“…Although E H and E D obviously determine the hydron permeability of 2D crystals (5,(7)(8)(9), their selectivity depends only on DE. Statistical analysis of the data in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Sieving hydrogen isotopes through two-dimensional crystals

Lozada-Hidalgo

Marshall

et al. 2016

Science

280

326

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“…12 2D materials, like graphene, are highly promising as ultra-high barrier materials, and their atomic thinness, mechanical and optical transparency properties offers many new possibilities and device form factors. Micron-sized single crystal graphene has been shown to be impermeable to most gases, [13][14][15] however, over large areas (>10 cm 2 ) which most applications require the scenario is completely different. While continuous and large-area mono-layer or few-layer graphene films can now be fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [16][17][18] such atomic films are practically prone to have defects including grain-boundaries when produced at high throughput.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based nanolaminates as ultra-high permeation barriers

et al. 2017

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Permeation barrier films are critical to a wide range of applications. In particular, for organic electronics and photovoltaics not only ultra-low permeation values are required but also optical transparency. A laminate structure thereby allows synergistic effects between different materials. Here, we report on a combination of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) to create in scalable fashion few-layer graphene/aluminium oxide-based nanolaminates. The resulting~10 nm contiguous, flexible graphene-based films are >90% optically transparent and show water vapor transmission rates below 7 × 10 −3 g/m 2 /day measured over areas of 5 × 5 cm 2 . We deploy these films to provide effective encapsulation for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with measured half-life times of 880 h in ambient.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Recent decades have witnessed the rapid development of membrane separation techniques, which are widely employed in the industrial separation processes. [8][9][10][11][12] It is generally known that permeance and selectivity are two key parameters to evaluate a separation membrane, and permeance is generally inversely proportional to the thickness of the film. Graphene, a one-atomthick sheet of graphite comprising sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms, has many fantastic properties, such as great mechanical strength, great thermal and electric conductivity, and among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition effect of a non-permeating component on gas permeability of nanoporous graphene membranes

Wen

Sun

Bai

2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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We identify the inhibition effect of a non-permeating gas component on gases permeating through the nanoporous graphene membranes and reveal its mechanisms from molecular dynamics insights. The membrane separation process involves the gas mixtures of CH4/H2 and CH4/N2 with different partial pressures of the non-permeating gas component (CH4). The results show that the permeance of the H2 and N2 molecules decreases sharply in the presence of the CH4 molecules. The permeance of the N2 molecules can be reduced to as much as 64.5%. The adsorption of the CH4 molecules on the graphene surface weakens the surface adsorption of the H2 and N2 molecules due to a competitive mechanism, accordingly reducing the permeability of the H2 and N2 molecules. For the N2 molecules with stronger adsorption ability, the reduction of the permeance is greater. On the other hand, the CH4 molecules near the nanopore have a blocking effect, which further inhibits the permeation of the H2 and N2 molecules. In addition, we predict the selectivity of the nanopore by using density functional theory calculations. This work can provide valuable guidance for the application of nanoporous graphene membranes in the separation of the gas mixtures consisting of permeating and non-permeating components with different adsorption abilities.

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Graphene: An impermeable or selectively permeable membrane for atomic species?

Cited by 182 publications

References 32 publications

Sieving hydrogen isotopes through two-dimensional crystals

Sieving hydrogen isotopes through two-dimensional crystals

Graphene-based nanolaminates as ultra-high permeation barriers

Inhibition effect of a non-permeating component on gas permeability of nanoporous graphene membranes

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