Grapevines in a changing environment

Jones, Gregory V.

doi:10.1002/9781118735985.ch1

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The four major phenological events of winegrapes, measured under a common climate for 70 grape varieties: budburst (Eichorn‐Lorenz stage 4), 50% flowering, 50% veraison (rapid sugar accumulation in grape berries) and maturity, measured as estimated day that 22° Brix is reached (top panel, data from 2015 from a common garden of grape varieties planted in Davis, California) and the major climatic drivers on each stage (summarized in Jones ) with additional information from Nemani et al . ().…”

Section: Phenology and Climate Change In Winegrapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenological diversity provides opportunities for climate change adaptation in winegrapes

et al. 2017

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Summary 1.Climate change poses an unprecedented challenge to agriculture. While growers have always struggled with year-to-year variation in climate -early rains or unusually hot summers -climate change provides a major directional shift in mean climate. 2. Across the globe, growing regions are warming and plants are shifting in both time and space. Current and future shifts pose a major challenge to researchers and growers alike, yet they also highlight a major avenue to adapt crops to climate change -by understanding and exploiting phenological diversity. 3. Using winegrapes (Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera) as a case study, we review the phenological diversity present within one crop and its underlying environmental and genetic drivers. In winegrapes, harvest dates are strongly tied to temperature, but this sensitivity varies greatly, with different cultivars (or 'varieties') of grapes ripening much more or less for the same amount of warming. 4. Synthesis. This phenological diversity provides a mechanism to help growers adapt winegrapes to shifting climates -by planting different varieties that will grow well under current and future climate regimes. More generally, understanding phenological diversity -including its environmental vs. genetic components -offers a major avenue to use ecological knowledge to advance adaptation for winegrapes, and many other crops, to climate change.

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Section: Phenology and Climate Change In Winegrapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenological diversity provides opportunities for climate change adaptation in winegrapes

et al. 2017

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“…While most plant viruses have probably co-existed with their hosts before domestication, others likely represent novel pathogen-host interactions. Many grapevine-infecting viruses or viroids have been detected in all grapevine-growing region within the last decade (Al Rwahnih et al, 2009 , 2012 , 2016 ; Navarro et al, 2009 ; Coetzee et al, 2010 ; Zhang et al, 2011 , 2014 ; Giampetruzzi et al, 2012 ; Poojari et al, 2013 ; Beuve et al, 2015 ; Jo et al, 2017a , b ; Silva et al, 2017 ; Blouin et al, 2018a , b ; Candresse et al, 2018 ; Diaz-Lara et al, 2018 ), which is probably due to a combination of many factors such as: (i) the vegetative multiplication and international trade, (ii) newer and wider areas of cultivation associated with additional and different viral reservoir pool leading to potential spill-over (Perry et al, 2016 ), (iii) climate change with latent virus being awaken (Jones, 2015 ), (iv) a greater number of research being completed on such a high-profit/valuable crop, and (v) the use of the newest deep-sequencing technology (HTS, high-throughput sequencing) serving as a very sensitive diagnostic tool (Adams et al, 2009 ; Candresse et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Throughput Sequencing and the Viromic Study of Grapevine Leaves: From the Detection of Grapevine-Infecting Viruses to the Description of a New Environmental Tymovirales Member

et al. 2018

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In the past decade, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) has had a major impact on virus diversity studies as well as on diagnosis, providing an unbiased and more comprehensive view of the virome of a wide range of organisms. Rather than the serological and molecular-based methods, with their more “reductionist” view focusing on one or a few known agents, HTS-based approaches are able to give a “holistic snapshot” of the complex phytobiome of a sample of interest. In grapevine for example, HTS is powerful enough to allow for the assembly of complete genomes of the various viral species or variants infecting a sample of known or novel virus species. In the present study, a total RNAseq-based approach was used to determine the full genome sequences of various grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) isolates and to analyze the eventual presence of other viral agents. From four RNAseq datasets, a few complete grapevine-infecting virus and viroid genomes were de-novo assembled: (a) three GFLV genomes, 11 grapevine rupestris stem-pitting associated virus (GRSPaV) and six viroids. In addition, a novel viral genome was detected in all four datasets, consisting of a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA molecule of 6033 nucleotides. This genome displays an organization similar to Tymoviridae family members in the Tymovirales order. Nonetheless, the new virus shows enough differences to be considered as a new species defining a new genus. Detection of this new agent in the original grapevines proved very erratic and was only consistent at the end of the growing season. This virus was never detected in the spring period, raising the possibility that it might not be a grapevine-infecting virus, but rather a virus infecting a grapevine-associated organism that may be transiently present on grapevine samples at some periods of the year. Indeed, the Tymoviridae family comprises isometric viruses infecting a wide range of hosts in different kingdoms (Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia). The present work highlights the fact that even though HTS technologies produce invaluable data for the description of the sanitary status of a plant, in-depth biological studies are necessary before assigning a new virus to a particular host in such metagenomic approaches.

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“…Another set of forces is the public policy processes that are applying increasingly stringent restrictions on the use of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals in vineyards, increasing the demand for alternatives, including pest- and disease-resistant varieties. Finally, climate is changing in ways that have implications for the compatibility of varieties with the locations where they have been traditionally grown (see, e.g., Jones 2006 , 2016 , 2018 ).…”

Section: Technological Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections on the Political Economy of European Wine Appellations

Alston

Gaeta

2021

Ital Econ J

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Today’s European wine policy is centered on a system of appellations, implemented as geographical indications (GIs), that entail significant technological regulations—restricting the varieties that may be grown, while imposing maximum yields per hectare and other rules regarding grape production and winemaking practice. This paper outlines the historical development of European wine policy under the CAP, and presents a more detailed analysis of the economic consequences of the rules and regulations under the appellation system. The introduction of these rules and regulations was probably beneficial initially, both for their didactive effect on wine producers and consumers and as a way of overcoming a significant “lemons” problem in the market. However, those same rules and regulations are much less valuable today, given (1) the potential for alternative sources of information to solve the lemons problem, and (2) evidence that the appellation system per se might not be effectively serving that purpose as well as it once did, while some of the regulations impose significant social costs. Yield restrictions, in particular, are economically inefficient as a way of enhancing and signaling quality (their ostensible purpose) and as a way of restricting total supply to support market prices and thus producer incomes (a significant motivation). The inherent weaknesses of the policy design are compounded by failures of governance. A less heavy-handed approach to policy would allow more scope for the market mechanism to match supply and demand for this signature product from European agriculture.

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Grapevines in a changing environment

Cited by 16 publications

References 66 publications

Phenological diversity provides opportunities for climate change adaptation in winegrapes

Phenological diversity provides opportunities for climate change adaptation in winegrapes

High-Throughput Sequencing and the Viromic Study of Grapevine Leaves: From the Detection of Grapevine-Infecting Viruses to the Description of a New Environmental Tymovirales Member

Reflections on the Political Economy of European Wine Appellations

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