Grapevine Viruses in the Atacama Region of Chile

Abstract

Vineyards in the Atacama region in Chile were surveyed from 2007 to 2009 for the presence of viruses. This region is an important area of table grape production, supplying international markets with its fruits in the off season of the Northern Hemisphere. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay was used to detect the most economically important grapevine viruses in 1000 samples, including symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. The rate of positive samples was 8.8% for Grapevine leafroll‐associated virus 1 (GLRaV‐1), 46.8% for Grapevine leafroll‐associated virus 2 (GLRaV‐2), 9.1% for Grapevine leafroll‐associated virus 3 (GLRaV‐3), 12.3% for Grapevine virus A (GVA), 30.7% for Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) and 9.6% for Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV). Overall virus infection was 68.7%. DNA sequencing confirmed the identification of viruses in selected samples, and comparative analysis indicated that Chilean isolates have moderate‐to‐high molecular identities with corresponding virus reference strains selected from GenBank. The high level of viral infection observed indicates that viruses are involved in decreasing table grape production in the region. This is the first extensive virus survey performed in the Atacama region, is also the first study of genetic comparison of grapevine viruses developed in South America with a wide spectrum of viruses and isolates and provides an assessment of grapevine viruses on table grape.

Variation over time in the prevalences of three viruses of the grapevine leafroll complex in a commercial vineyard in south-central Chile

“…These results are contrary to those reported by Fiore et al (2008Fiore et al ( , 2011, who studied other production areas in Chile and found that the most common virus was GLRaV-2. The different results obtained in this study can most likely be explained by the fact that the relative tolerance of table grape cultivars to the virus differs from the level of tolerance of Vitis genotypes used for wine production.…”

Incidência de vírus em videiras no Nordeste brasileiro e caracterização molecular parcial de isolados virais locais

“…Em diversos países vitícolas, já foram realizados levantamentos de vírus em videiras, por exemplo, na Argentina (VOLPE et al, 2010), no Chile (FIORE et al, 2011), na China (LIu et al, 2013) e nos Estados unidos (SHARMA et al, 2011). Nestes levantamentos e em outros, a incidência de vírus é bastante variável, dependendo da espécie viral, da cultivar de videira e da região amostrada, entretanto, invariavelmente, atingem expressivos índices, situação semelhante à verificada no levantamento conduzido neste trabalho.…”

Genetic diversity and recombination analysis of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 from China

“…GLRaV-1 has been reported to be the major causative agent of GLD in Turkey Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00705-015-2437-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. [1] and one of the main causative agents of GLD in other countries [6,9,15,17,22]. Recently, a survey in China showed that GLD was widespread and that GLRaV-1 was the most common agent after GLRaV-3 [14].…”