Grapevine Asteroid Mosaic-Associated Virus is Resident and Prevalent in Wild, Noncultivated Grapevine of New York State

Abstract

In North America, uncultivated, free-living grapevines (Vitus spp.) frequently grow alongside their cultivated counterparts, thus increasing the potential for exchange of microbiota. For this study we used high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of small RNAs (sRNA-Seq) to survey for virus populations in free living grapevines of the Finger Lakes region of New York (NY) State. Of thirty-two grapevines analyzed, twenty-three were free-living vines, while the remaining nine were commercial grown V. vinifera plants from the same region. In total, eighteen (78.3%) of the free-living grapevines tested were positive for grapevine asteroid mosaic-associated virus (GAMaV) infection by HTS, with detection confirmed by semi-nested RT-PCR and sequencing of nine isolates. Phylogenetic analyses of an ungapped alignment of the NY GAMaV sequences (length 2334 nt) with the five known full-length or close to full length global sequences showed the NY isolates were broadly grouped. Of the nine cultivated plants, eight were infected with both hop stunt viroid and grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1, three were singly infected with grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 and one harbored GAMaV. This limited survey of free-living grapevines, one of the first to use HTS, has highlighted the high incidence of a virus associated with disease in commercial V. vinifera.

Virome of Grapevine Germplasm from the Anapa Ampelographic Collection (Russia)

“…Infected leaves of Vitis vinifera vines exhibit star-shaped chlorotic spots [20]. The distribution of GAMaV is limited not only in Canada and USA, where it was first discovered [97,99,100], but also in Japan [101], Uruguay [102], France [103], Italy [104], and Spain [105]. To our knowledge, GAMaV has not been detected in the world's grapevine collections.…”

Grapevine Virome of the Don Ampelographic Collection in Russia Has Concealed Five Novel Viruses

“…Infection caused by GAMaV is characterized by star-shaped chlorotic spots on leaves and may be latent [84]. This virus was found not only in production vineyards and collections [21] but also in free-living grapevines [89]. GAMaV was identified in four libraries (Supplementary Table S7).…”

Investigation on Viral Pathogens in <i>Vitis vinifera</i> from Four Production Bases in Hangzhou Vicinity of China by sRNAseq and Molecular Validation

“…It was applied in virus diagnostic field of various grapevine cultivars and rootstock worldwide recent decade. Besides, the prevalent viral agents, grapevine vein clearing virus [6], grapevine gray norovirus [7], grapevine red leaf-associated virus, grapevine red blotch virus and citrus exocortis viroid [8], grapevine geminivirus A [9], grapevine berry inner necrosis virus and grapevine leaf-roll associated virus 13 [10] [11], grapevine hammerhead viroid [12], citrus cachexia viroid new strains [2], grapevine virus H [13], grapevine asteroid mosaic-associated virus [14], grapevine rupestris vein feathering virus [15], grapevine red globe virus [16], grapevine Kizil Sapak virus [17] and grapevine associated Jivivirus 1 [18] were detected in different grapevine cultivars and vicinities worldwide in succession by sRNA-seq.…”