Grape tendrils as an inoculum source of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in vineyards a review

Abstract

Botrytis cinerea is a fungus responsible for considerable damage to a wide range of crops worldwide including grapes Botrytis bunch rot caused by B cinerea is the major disease problem that must be managed by the New Zealand wine industry each season However the fungus is not easily managed as it can be both necrotrophic and saprophytic with a range of overwintering inoculum sources New Zealand grape growers have asked whether it is necessary to remove tendrils at the time of pruning in order to minimise botrytis bunch rot infection at harvest This review provides a summary of the information currently available on the importance of tendrils in the epidemiology of botrytis bunch rot under New Zealand conditions Gaps in knowledge and areas for further investigation are also identified

Combining biocontrol agents with different mechanisms of action in a strategy to control Botrytis cinerea on grapevine

“…The timing of the treatments with the individual biofungicides in these trials was based on the following assumptions. The Trichoderma species is a good coloniser of dead plant tissues and can be applied before bunch closure in order to colonise flower waste trapped in the bunch, where B. cinerea can survive and where the infection can start during ripening (Mundy et al, 2012). Aureobasidium pullulans can consume the sugar needed for B. cinerea to grow and can colonise wounds, therefore A. pullulans should be applied when sugar starts to increase at veraison.…”

Environmental effects on the production ofBotrytis cinereaconidia on different media, grape bunch trash, and mature berries

“…Most B. cinerea conidia are probably generated from primary sources of inoculum located within the crop (Elmer and Michailides ). The relative importance of different tissues as reservoirs for primary inoculum production in vineyards was recently investigated and reviewed by Mundy et al (). Rachises, mummified berries and pruned canes have all been identified as potential sources of B. cinerea inoculum for the following season (Nair et al ).…”

Genetic diversity of Botrytis in New Zealand vineyards and the significance of its seasonal and regional variation

“…Botrytis bunch rot is the most important disease of grapes in New Zealand, with high costs as a result of both disease control measures and grape loss (Mundy et al, 2012). New Zealand's cool maritime climate means that infection can occur throughout the season, with disease developing rapidly if there are periods of high humidity as the fruit ripen.…”