Genetic diversity of <i><scp>B</scp>otrytis</i> in <scp>N</scp>ew <scp>Z</scp>ealand vineyards and the significance of its seasonal and regional variation

Johnston, Peter R.; Hoksbergen, K. A.; Park, D.; Beever, Ross E.

doi:10.1111/ppa.12143

Cited by 39 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(96 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In French and New Zealand vineyards, B. pseudocinerea has been found more frequently on vegetative tissues and flowers than on mature grapes. This was attributed to a higher saprotrophic competitiveness and preferred colonization of flowers but lower virulence on the berries than that of B. cinerea (12,13,17). Our data only partly support these conclusions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…In agreement with an earlier report (23), we confirmed that B. pseudocinerea strains were Ͼ20-fold more sensitive than B. cinerea to fenpropidin, except for the fenhexamid-sensitive group B strain. In New Zealand, B. pseudocinerea strains preselected for fenhexamid resistance belonged to group A and group B, showing that group B isolates can have the HydR1 phenotype (17). We have optimized discriminatory growth tests on agar medium containing fenhexamid and fenpropidin as a convenient preliminary tool to distinguish between B. pseudocinerea and B. cinerea strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pseudocinerea has been discovered in vineyards as a minor gray mold pathogen species that occurs in sympatry with the dominant B. cinerea (12). It was more frequently isolated from flowers in spring and early summer and only rarely from ripe berries (13,17). B. pseudocinerea has also been observed on several other plant species, indicating that it has a rather wide host range (12,18,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The sequences of the following genes used for phylogenetic studies have been deposited in GenBank (accession number): for B. pseudocinerea strain VD110 (13), tubA (KR030048), g3pdh (KR030052), ms547 (KR030050), and rps3 (KR054110); for B. pseudocinerea group B strain D11_T_B41, tubA (KR030047), g3pdh (KR030051), and ms547 (KR030049); for B. cinerea S strain G09_S33, tubA (KT335260) and g3pdh (KT335261); for B. fabae strain 11002 (16), tubA (KR054109) and g3pdh (KR030053); and for B. calthae strain MUCL2830 (16), tubA (KR054108). Sequences of additional B. pseudocinerea strains were obtained from Johnston et al (17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S3 in the supplemental material). Gene sequencing of B. pseudocinerea strains from vineyards in New Zealand has revealed the existence of two genetic groups, only one of which has previously been described in Europe (17). Based on published sequences of ms547, a PCR-RFLP screen was developed for differentiation of the two groups (see Fig.…”

Section: Differentiation Of B Pseudocinerea and Two B Cinerea Genotmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Botrytis pseudocinerea Is a Significant Pathogen of Several Crop Plants but Susceptible to Displacement by Fungicide-Resistant B. cinerea Strains

Plesken

Weber

Rupp

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

cBotrytis cinerea is one of the most important pathogens worldwide, causing gray mold on a large variety of crops. Botrytis pseudocinerea has been found previously to occur together with B. cinerea in low abundance in vineyards and strawberry fields. Here, we report B. pseudocinerea to be common and sometimes dominant over B. cinerea on several fruit and vegetable crops in Germany. On apples with calyx end rot and on oilseed rape, it was the major gray mold species. Abundance of B. pseudocinerea was often negatively correlated with fungicide treatments. On cultivated strawberries, it was frequently found in spring but was largely displaced by B. cinerea following fungicide applications. Whereas B. cinerea strains with multiple-fungicide resistance were common in these fields, B. pseudocinerea almost never developed resistance to any fungicide even though resistance mutations occurred at similar frequencies in both species under laboratory conditions. The absence of resistance to quinone outside inhibitors in B. pseudocinerea was correlated with an intron in cytB preventing the major G143A resistance mutation. Our work indicates that B. pseudocinerea has a wide host range similar to that of B. cinerea and that it can become an important gray mold pathogen on cultivated plants. Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr. is one of the most important plant pathogens worldwide, causing gray mold rot on far more than 200 plant species, including cultivated fruits, vegetables, and ornamental flowers. In addition to its wide host range, typical features of B. cinerea are a necrotrophic, macerating mode of infection, abundant production of asexual macroconidia on the surface of colonized host tissue, and formation of melanized sclerotia for long-term survival and sexual reproduction. Control of gray mold often relies on the use of fungicides although the efficacy of such treatments is threatened worldwide by the abundance of fungicide-resistant B. cinerea field strains (1). Based on gene sequence comparisons, the genus Botrytis has been divided into two phylogenetically separate clades (2). Clade 1 includes B. cinerea and B. pseudocinerea as well as the host-specific species B. fabae, B. calthae, and B. sinoviticola; all of these infect only dicot plants. Clade 2 is phylogenetically more diverse and currently comprises 23 host-specific Botrytis species that infect predominantly monocots (2-4).B. cinerea shows considerable variability in mycelial growth phenotype, conidiation, and sclerotium formation. Numerous studies have also documented a high degree of genetic variability within the species. Based on the analysis of PCR-restricted fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns, fungicide resistance, and the detection of transposable elements, Giraud et al. provided evidence of the existence of genetically distinct groups within B. cinerea (5, 6). In particular, the presence or absence of the long terminal repeat retrotransposon Boty (7) and of the DNA transposon Flipper (8) was used to divide isolates into different transposon types, e...

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%