Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin and Swimming Exercise Protects Against Cognitive Decline: A Study on M1 Acetylcholine Receptors in Aging Male Rat Brain

Saha, Abhijit; Subramanyam, M. V. V.; Devi, S. Asha

doi:10.1007/s11064-017-2406-6

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…A study demonstrated that administration of GSPE and swimming training (2 h/session, 5 sessions/week for 14 weeks with 3% weight bearing) either individually or in combination led to improvements in learning and memory with reduced AChE activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of adult and middle-aged rats. Moreover, both mRNA and protein levels of M 1 mAChR were increased in the cortex and hippocampus, and activation of the ERK/CREB/BDNF pathway was observed following swimming training with GSPE treatment ( Abhijit et al, 2017 ). Although other mechanisms may be involved, these findings in individual models of AD indicate the importance of regulation of the cholinergic system (especially cholinergic neurons, ChAT, AChE, ACh, and M 1 mAChR) by physical exercise.…”

Section: Cholinergic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding How Physical Exercise Improves Alzheimer’s Disease: Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Systems

Zong

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the accumulation of proteinaceous aggregates and neurofibrillary lesions composed of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide and hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau, respectively. It has long been known that dysregulation of cholinergic and monoaminergic (i.e., dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and noradrenergic) systems is involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Abnormalities in neuronal activity, neurotransmitter signaling input, and receptor function exaggerate Aβ deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation. Maintenance of normal neurotransmission is essential to halt AD progression. Most neurotransmitters and neurotransmitter-related drugs modulate the pathology of AD and improve cognitive function through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Exercise therapies provide an important alternative or adjunctive intervention for AD. Cumulative evidence indicates that exercise can prevent multiple pathological features found in AD and improve cognitive function through delaying the degeneration of cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons; increasing levels of acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine; and modulating the activity of certain neurotransmitter-related GPCRs. Emerging insights into the mechanistic links among exercise, the neurotransmitter system, and AD highlight the potential of this intervention as a therapeutic approach for AD.

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Section: Cholinergic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding How Physical Exercise Improves Alzheimer’s Disease: Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Systems

Zong

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…In clinical studies, quercetin prevented the inactivation of nAChR and mAChR receptors in AD brain tissue [ 26 ]. In the aging rat brain, the increased total amount of M1AChR in rat C1 hippocampal and medial prefrontal cortex cells was observed after oral administration of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) [ 27 ]. Additionally, acetylcholine esterase (AChE) was inhibited, and the authors suggested the protective role of proanthocyanidins against cognitive decline.…”

Section: Cholinergic Signaling and Polyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Polyphenols: A Modulatory Action on Neurotransmitter Pathways

Rębas

Rzajew

Radzik

et al. 2020

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Background: Balance in neurotransmission is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system and even a small, but prolonged disturbance, can induce the negative feedback mechanisms leading to various neuropathologies. Neurodegenerative and mood disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s or affective disorders are increasing medical and social problems. Among the wide spectrum of potentially destructive events, oxidative stress and disrupted metabolism of some neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, GABA, glutamate, serotonin or dopamine appear to play a decisive role. Biologically active plant polyphenols have been shown to exert a positive impact on the function of the central nervous system by modulation of metabolism and the action of some neurotransmitters. Methods: Based on published research, the pharmacological activities of some naturally occurring polyphenols have been reviewed, with a focus on their potential therapeutic importance in the regulation of neurotransmitter systems. Results: Phytochemicals can be classified into several groups and most of them possess anticancer, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. They can also modulate the metabolism or action of some neurotransmitters and/or their receptors. Based on these properties, phytochemicals have been used in traditional medicine for ages, although it was focused mainly on treating symptoms. However, growing evidence indicates that polyphenols may also prevent or slow neurological diseases. Conclusion: Phytochemicals seem to be less toxic than synthetic drugs and they can be a safer alternative for currently used preparations, which exert adverse side effects. The neuroprotective actions of some plant polyphenols in the regulation of neurotransmitters metabolism, functioning of neurotransmitters receptors and antioxidative defense have potential therapeutic applications in various neurodegenerative disorders.

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“…Memory was tested for rat's working and reference memory at intervals of one week over a period of 4 weeks through leftand right-discrimination learnt tasks as described earlier (Abhijit et al 2017).…”

Section: Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract and insulin prevents cognitive decline in type 1 diabetic rat by impacting Bcl-2 and Bax in the prefrontal cortex

Sanna

Subramanyam

et al. 2018

Metab Brain Dis

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It is frequently accepted that grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) are efficient antioxidants and beneficial in improving cognitive functions. However, diabetes (T1DM)-associated declines in learning and memory and the possibilities of GSPs in overcoming this loss needs to be examined. The present study was designed to examine the correlation, if one exists, between cognitive behavior and neuronal survival in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats as well as to further clarify whether the correlation exists. Also this study aimed to determine whether neurological structural changes in the PFC and pancreatic β-cells can be restored by grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE). At the end of 8 weeks, cognitive tests that rats given supplementation of GSPE and insulin had greater improvement in their spatial learning and memory skills and improved neuronal survival in the PFC and pancreatic β-cells compared to rats supplemented with either insulin or GSPE alone. Expression of Bax in the PFC was increased in the diabetic rats while Bcl-2 expression was decreased, and GSPE and insulin treatment reversed the expression of apoptotic proteins. Our findings on GSPE, a natural product, as a form of adjuvant therapy together with insulin treatment is suggestive of the existence of synergism between the two in attenuating diabetic complications in the pancreas and PFC.

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Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin and Swimming Exercise Protects Against Cognitive Decline: A Study on M1 Acetylcholine Receptors in Aging Male Rat Brain

Cited by 25 publications

References 92 publications

Understanding How Physical Exercise Improves Alzheimer’s Disease: Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Systems

Understanding How Physical Exercise Improves Alzheimer’s Disease: Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Systems

Neuroprotective Polyphenols: A Modulatory Action on Neurotransmitter Pathways

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract and insulin prevents cognitive decline in type 1 diabetic rat by impacting Bcl-2 and Bax in the prefrontal cortex

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