Grape Powder Supplementation Prevents Oxidative Stress–Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior, Memory Impairment, and High Blood Pressure in Rats

Abstract

We examined whether or not grape powder treatment ameliorates oxidative stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, memory impairment, and hypertension in rats. Oxidative stress in Sprague-Dawley rats was produced by using L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO). Four groups of rats were used: 1) control (C; injected with vehicle and provided with tap water), 2) grape powder-treated (GP; injected with vehicle and provided for 3 wk with 15 g/L grape powder dissolved in tap water), 3) BSO-treated [injected with BSO (300 mg/kg body weight), i.p. for 7 d and provided with tap water], and 4) BSO plus grape powder-treated (GP+BSO; injected with BSO and provided with grape powder-treated tap water). Anxiety-like behavior was significantly greater in BSO rats compared with C or GP rats (P < 0.05). Grape powder attenuated BSO-induced anxiety-like behavior in GP+BSO rats. BSO rats made significantly more errors in both short- and long-term memory tests compared with C or GP rats (P < 0.05), which was prevented in GP+BSO rats. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly greater in BSO rats compared with C or GP rats (P < 0.05), whereas grape powder prevented high blood pressure in GP+BSO rats. Furthermore, brain extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK-1/2) was activated (P < 0.05), whereas levels of glyoxalase-1 (GLO-1), glutathione reductase-1 (GSR-1), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV (CAMK-IV), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were significantly less (P < 0.05) in BSO but not in GP+BSO rats compared with C or GP rats. We suggest that by regulating brain ERK-1/2, GLO-1, GSR-1, CAMK-IV, CREB, and BDNF levels, grape powder prevents oxidative stress-induced anxiety, memory impairment, and hypertension in rats.

Grape powder treatment prevents anxiety-like behavior in a rat model of aging

“…The powder was received in small sealed plastic bags and stored at −80°C. Grape powder solution was prepared fresh daily as published previously [18] by dissolving the powder in tap water at a concentration of 15 g/L. This GP dose produced most pronounced effects on rat behavior as reported previously [27].…”

“…Multiple signaling pathways involving antioxidant [14,15], antiinflammatory [16], and/or antiapoptotic [17] mechanisms are purported to enable the protective effect of grapes. Recently, using a pharmacologic model of oxidative stress [14], we established that California Table Grape Commission (CTGC) provided grape powder (GP) treatment ameliorated oxidative stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, memory impairment, and hypertension in rats [18]. This study has prompted us to further investigate the protective effects of this GP in a nonpharmacologic model and examine whether beneficial effects of GP are limited to pharmacologically induced models of oxidative stress or extend to other genetic models that are well known to be associated with oxidative stress [19].…”

“…In the present study using the F344 rodent model of aging, we examined the role of antioxidant-rich GP, provided by the CTGC in ageassociated anxiety-like behavior and memory impairment, and also examined the level of physiological stress and levels of oxidative stress systemically as well as in specific areas of the brain including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. These regions are implicated in regulation of anxiety [27] and cognition [28], amenable to nutritional intervention [18], and also regarded as oxidative stress-susceptible regions [29].…”

The Differential Effects of Resveratrol and trans-ε-Viniferin on the GABA-Induced Current in GABAA Receptor Subtypes Expressed in Xenopus Laevis Oocytes

“…Data analysis was performed as described previously, with slight modifications (18). The analysis was performed on GraphPad Prism version 5; concentration-response curves were obtained from the currents recorded from the applied GABA concentrations (EC10 for potentiation and EC50 for inhibition) in the presence of range of resveratrol and trans-ε-viniferin concentrations.…”

Suppression of Oxidative Stress and 5-Lipoxygenase Activation by Edaravone Improves Depressive-Like Behavior after Concussion

“…Several studies have demonstrated increased peroxynitrite-mediated tyrosine nitration after TBI. [11][12][13] Interestingly, the hippocampus is most susceptible to oxidative stress (OS)-induced damage, 14 and hippocampal changes have been implicated in patients suffering from depression. 15 In a mouse model of depression, chronic mild stress could induce nitrotyrosine formation in the hippocampus, whereas NOS inhibitor prevented depressivelike behavior.…”