Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony–Stimulating Factor Prevents the Progression of Atherosclerosis via Changes in the Cellular and Extracellular Composition of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbits

Abstract

GM-CSF altered the composition of atherosclerotic lesions and reduced the atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbits.

Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor is required for aortic dissection/intramural haematoma

“…Previous studies had suggested a limited role of GM-CSF in the pathogenesis of aortic disease [36][37][38][39] . For example, mice that lack Smad3 manifested a phenotype of aortic aneurysm formation 39 , and GM-CSF was shown to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis; however, it was assumed that because smad3 is a downstream target of TGFb, which is a central molecule associated in Marfan aortopathy, the pathogenic mechanism was limited to this genetic aortopathy.…”

Advanced Glycation End Product-Mediated Matrix Metallo-proteinase-9 and Apoptosis via Renin-Angiotensin System in Type 2 Diabetes

“…Histological examination was performed as described previously 19,20) . Autopsy specimens were fixed with 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned serially at 4-m thickness.…”

“…All first sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and AzanMallory's staining was performed on every second section to evaluate the extracellular matrix (ECM). Subsequent serial sections were immunohistochemically stained by the indirect immunoperoxidase method 19,20) .…”

“…To determine the presence of apoptotic cells with DNA breaks in nuclei in situ, we performed terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTPdigoxigenin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) on tissue sections using the Dead EndTM Colorimetric TUNEL System (Promega Co., Madison, WI) as described previously 19) . Positive control sections were treated with DNase I (10 ng/mL; Boehringer Mannheim city, coun-try).…”

The effect of maternal hypercholesterolemia on the placenta and fetal arteries in rabbits

“…Collagen deposition, associated to cholesterol levels, probably has a role in the structural and functional remodelling of the intima 7 .…”