The effect of maternal hypercholesterolemia on the placenta and fetal arteries in rabbits

Frantz, Elemara; Menezes, Honório Sampaio; Lange, Kellyn Cristine; Abegg, Milena Pacheco; Correa, Cora Albrecht; Zangalli, Leoni; Vieira, Jefferson L.; Zettler, Cláudio Galeano

doi:10.1590/s0102-86502012000100002

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In rabbit does feed high fat and/or high cholesterol diets, impaired perinatal development partly relates to altered maternal and placental lipid handling. In particular, there is a greater accumulation of lipids in the maternal liver (Montoudis, Boileau, Simoneau, & Lafond, ) and placental labyrinthine zone during pregnancy (Frantz et al, ; Montoudis et al, ; Popják, ; Tarrade et al, ), driven via local changes in the activity of HMG‐CoA‐reductase and/or nSREBP‐2 (Madison, ; Marseille‐Tremblay, Gravel, Lafond, & Mounier, ). Genes involved in cholesterol handling, namely LDL‐R , CD36 , and ABC‐G1 were also downregulated in the placenta in high fat and cholesterol diet‐fed does, with LXR‐α additionally reduced in male but not female fetuses (Tarrade et al, ).…”

Section: Models Of Iugr and Fetal Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Intrauterine growth restriction and fetal programming in rabbits

López-Tello

Álvarez

González-Bulnes³

et al. 2019

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects approximately 10% of human pregnancies globally and has immediate and life‐long consequences for offspring health. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of IUGR and its association with later health and disease outcomes are poorly understood. To address these knowledge gaps, the use of experimental animals is critically important. Since the 50's different environmental, pharmacological, and surgical manipulations have been performed in the rabbit to improve our knowledge of the control of fetal growth, fetal responses to IUGR, and mechanisms by which offspring may be programmed by an adverse gestational environment. The purpose of this review is therefore to summarize the utility of the rabbit as a model for IUGR research. It first summarizes the knowledge of prenatal and postnatal development in the rabbit and how these events relate to developmental milestones in humans. It then describes the methods used to induce IUGR in rabbits and the knowledge gained about the mechanisms determining prenatal and postnatal outcomes of the offspring. Finally, it discusses the application of state of the art approaches in the rabbit, including high‐resolution ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and gene targeting, to gain a deeper integrative understanding of the physiological and molecular events governing the development of IUGR. Overall, we hope to engage and inspire investigators to employ the rabbit as a model organism when studying pregnancy physiology so that we may advance our understanding of mechanisms underlying IUGR and its consequences in humans and other mammalian species.

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Section: Models Of Iugr and Fetal Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Intrauterine growth restriction and fetal programming in rabbits

López-Tello

Álvarez

González-Bulnes³

et al. 2019

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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“…18 However, beyond certain physiological levels, this condition may lead to the development of certain pathologies in both the mother and foetus. 32 Although the placenta was thought to be impermeable to lipoproteins, Frantz et al 33 showed that this may not be the case, and results from our study also suggest cholesterol possibly crossed the placenta into the foetus. This is consistent with earlier observations that foetal cholesterol levels showed an inverse correlation with maternal cholesterol level during the first six months of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Natural cocoa inhibits maternal hypercholesterolaemiainduced atherogenesis in rabbit pups

Blay

Adjenti

Adutwum-Ofosu

et al. 2019

CVJA

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Atherosclerosis begins during foetal development and is enhanced by maternal hypercholesterolaemia during pregnancy. This study assessed the effect of natural cocoa on atherosclerosis in offspring conceived in maternal hypercholesterolaemia. Female rabbits were fed a cholesterol-enriched diet for two weeks and hypercholesterolaemia was confirmed, after which they were crossed with normocholesterolaemic males. One group of hypercholesterolaemic mothers (HCC) received natural cocoa powder (NCP) in their drinking water, whereas the other group (HC) received only water. Histological analysis of three segments of the aorta (arch, thoracic and abdominal) from offspring of both groups was compared with a control group (NC). Intima-media thickness of the aortic arch in offspring born to hypercholesterolaemic rabbits (HC: 146 µm) was higher compared to HCC (99 µm) and control rabbits (58.5 µm). All the sections from the aortic arch of the HC group had atherosclerotic lesions while none of the sections of the aortic arch from the NC and HCC groups had lesions present. Inferentially, regular and voluntary consumption of NCP during pregnancy may inhibit aortic atherogenesis in offspring of hypercholesterolaemic mothers.

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“…Many animal studies have demonstrated that maternal dyslipidemia affects the long-term health of the offsprings (9,10). A study also confirmed that the changes caused by maternal dyslipidemia in the perinatal period cannot be adjusted after birth (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Association Between Maternal Blood Lipids Levels During Pregnancy and Risk of Small-For-Gestational-Age Infants

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Dyslipidemia in pregnancy are associated with risk of adverse outcomes, such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational-age. As an adverse pregnancy outcome, small-for-gestational-age has been extensively studied in Western countries. However, similar studies have rarely been conducted in Asian countries.Methods: Data were derived from 5695 pairs of non-diabetic mothers and neonates between 1 Jan 2014 and 31 Dec 2014. Serum samples were collected during second and third trimesters for evaluation on fasting total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The present study intended to explore the associations between maternal lipid profile and small-for-gestational-age neonates. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and adjusted via logistic regression analysis.Results: After adjustments for confounders, third-trimester total cholesterol levels were associated with a decreased risk for small-for-gestational-age (aOR = 0.622, 95% CI: 0.458–0.848), and third-trimester high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were associated with an increased risk for small-for-gestational-age (aOR = 1.955, 95% CI: 1.465–2.578; aOR = 1.403, 95% CI: 1.014–1.944). The effect of third-trimester high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels on the risk for small-for-gestational-age rose across different gestational weight gain strata.Conclusions: High high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level during third trimester could be considered as indicators of a high-risk of small-for-gestational-age, regardless of gestational weight gain. Lowering high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels may help to reduce the incidence of small-for-gestational-age.

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The effect of maternal hypercholesterolemia on the placenta and fetal arteries in rabbits

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Models of Intrauterine growth restriction and fetal programming in rabbits

Models of Intrauterine growth restriction and fetal programming in rabbits

Natural cocoa inhibits maternal hypercholesterolaemiainduced atherogenesis in rabbit pups

Association Between Maternal Blood Lipids Levels During Pregnancy and Risk of Small-For-Gestational-Age Infants

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