2008
DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e3283186b80
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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and other immunomodulatory therapies for the treatment of infectious diseases in solid organ transplant recipients

Abstract: Despite encouraging results in vitro and in preclinical models, immunomodulatory cytokines have not met expectations when administered to SOT recipients. Nonetheless, the principle of selective enhancement of innate immunity for the prevention and treatment of infections in this patient population has promise and warrants further study.

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Cited by 13 publications
(12 citation statements)
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“…6,9,15,16 Following administration of mean 2.1 ± 1.9 doses of G-CSF, we observed WBC count recovery in median 9 (IQR 4-14) days, which is longer than previously reported in the literature. 2,4,8,13 Similar to the findings of Zafrani et al 2 , we did not observe differences in time to WBC count recovery in patients with therapy delays or those who never received a dose of G-CSF. Furthermore, we defined study inclusion based on leukopenia (WBC < 3000 cells/μL), 1,3,6,16 but all patients with available ANC data were neutropenic (ANC < 1000 cells/μL) at the time of G-CSF initiation.…”
Section: Ofsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…6,9,15,16 Following administration of mean 2.1 ± 1.9 doses of G-CSF, we observed WBC count recovery in median 9 (IQR 4-14) days, which is longer than previously reported in the literature. 2,4,8,13 Similar to the findings of Zafrani et al 2 , we did not observe differences in time to WBC count recovery in patients with therapy delays or those who never received a dose of G-CSF. Furthermore, we defined study inclusion based on leukopenia (WBC < 3000 cells/μL), 1,3,6,16 but all patients with available ANC data were neutropenic (ANC < 1000 cells/μL) at the time of G-CSF initiation.…”
Section: Ofsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…We have shown that the use of stem cell mobilization agents, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), resulted in a marked increase in the ATP activity measured with Immuknow, and that this increase correlated positively with the number of CD34ϩ cells from peripheral blood. G-CSF and GM-CSF are potent immunomodulatory cytokines, which, in addition to mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow into peripheral blood, stimulate the production and maturation of phagocytes [35]. In contrast to their powerful effects on myeloid cells, these cytokines appear to exert far fewer effects on lymphocytes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…GM-CSF exhibits a wide range of effects in macrophages, promoting maturation (44), differentiation (44), cytokine secretion (45), and phagocytosis of opsonized (41) and nonopsonized targets (46). Generation of the GM-CSF-deficient mouse was instrumental in elucidating the role of this cytokine in host defense (44).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%