Grains in Motion

Baas, Andreas

doi:10.1002/9781118945650.ch2

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…These gravel or sandy particles are too heavy to go into saltation. Saltation moves particles (70-500 µm grain diameter) by wind effects, ejecting them from the surface and entraining them into the airflow, following a ballistic trajectory until returning to the surface (Baas 2019). After colliding with the surface, the particles can start a new near-surface saltation trajectory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and Effects of Sand and Dust Storms: What Has Past Research Taught Us? A Survey

Opp

Groll

Abbasi

et al. 2021

JRFM

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Barren ground and sites with low coverage by vegetation (e.g., dunes, soil surfaces, dry lakes, and riverbeds) are the main source areas of sand and dust storms (SDS). The understanding of causes, processes (abrasion, deflation, transport, deposition), and influencing factors of sandy and dusty particles moving by wind both in the boundary layer and in the atmosphere are basic prerequisites to distinguish between SDS. Dust transport in the atmosphere modulates radiation, ocean surface temperature, climate, as well as snow and ice cover. The effects of airborne particles on land are varied and can cause advantages and disadvantages, both in source areas and in sink or deposition areas, with disturbances of natural environments and anthropogenic infrastructure. Particulate matter in general and SDS specifically can cause severe health problems in human respiratory and other organs, especially in children. Economic impacts can be equally devastating, but the costs related to SDS are not thoroughly studied. The available data show huge economic damages caused by SDS and by the mitigation of their effects. Management of SDS-related hazards utilizes remote sensing techniques, on-site observations, and protective measures. Integrated strategies are necessary during both the planning and monitoring of these measures. Such integrated strategies can be successful when they are developed and implemented in close cooperation with the local and regional population and stakeholders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and Effects of Sand and Dust Storms: What Has Past Research Taught Us? A Survey

Opp

Groll

Abbasi

et al. 2021

JRFM

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“…Wind and erosion influence the shape of sand particles; therefore, desert sands are more rounded and denser than coastal sand particles [5]. Wind makes the movement of sand particles that occurs through creep, saltation, and suspension processes ( Figure 1) [6,7]. Larger sand particles move through creeping on the surface, the majority move through saltation, which uplifts them into the air when striking the surface, and smaller particles are suspended in the air and are transported long distances in the air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the New Analytic Model for Sand Deposition Particles Downstream of a Fence

Razi

2020

Inventions

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Movement of sand particles is a complicated phenomenon that occurs in nature. In this paper, the main goal is to provide an analytic model for the deposition profile of sand particles downstream of a fence. The analytic model was derived with respect to governing equations and shear flows for upstream and downstream regions. In this approach, we obtain a new expression for the downstream velocity of the fence, which allows for the determination of potential areas of deposition particles by assuming a log-normal distribution profile. A discrete-phase flow (DPM) was used to inject particles in the simulation domain. The DPM gives capabilities to capture spatiotemporal velocities components, as we can define the probability of deposition particles in the downstream of the fence. The proposed model was validated with a numerical model and experimental results. The comparison with field data and numerical results shows that the deposition profile is in acceptable agreement. With some assumptions and modifications about the properties of particles, the results of this research can be extended to snow accumulation downstream of a fence.

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“…vegetation growth, shell layers, algae crusts, local topography) have been shown to significantly hamper their predictive quality (Arens, 1996a;Sherman et al, 1998;. Accurate and synchronous empirical measurements of aeolian sand transport and wind-forcing in coastal field experiments are very challenging to obtain (Barchyn et al, 2011;Baas, 2019) and as a result long-term continuous records of aeolian transport rates are not readily available. The challenge is to combine the advantages of passive trapping methods, i.e.…”

Section: Dune-building Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though vegetation exerts a first-order control on aeolian sand dynamics and coastal dune development, it is usually the least considered component of the transport-dune system because of its complex (feedback) interactions with environmental conditions and physical processes involved in dune formation (Sherman, 1995). Vegetation is typically only seen to affect aeolian transport by (1) reducing the amount of bare surface available for transport and (2) by slowing down the airflow close to the ground, thus extracting momentum from the wind which is then no longer available to move sand (Baas, 2019). The latter effect is commonly expressed through the concept of shear stress partitioning (Raupach, 1992;Webb et al, 2014), in which the total surface shear stress is divided into two components, one acting on the vegetation and the other on the sand grains (Herrmann et al, 2008).…”

Section: Outlook On Positive Biogeomorphic Feedback In Coastal Dune Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vegetation thus acts as a roughness element that absorbs part of the wind flow that would otherwise be transferred to the sand. The magnitude of momentum absorption depends strongly on the structure, porosity, geometry, size, and growth form of the vegetation as well as their spatial distribution, lateral density, and potential patterning relative to wind directions (Baas, 2019).…”

Section: Outlook On Positive Biogeomorphic Feedback In Coastal Dune Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeomorphic feedback drives dune development along nourished coastlines

Nolet¹

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Ch. 1 Introduction Ch. 2 Accommodation space indicates dune development potential along an urbanized and frequently nourished coastline Ch. 3 Synchronous long-term measurements to characterize aeolian transport dynamics on a mega-scale beach nourishment Ch. 4 Measuring and modeling the effect of surface moisture on the spectral reflectance of coastal beach sand Ch. 5 UAV-imaging to model growth response of marram grass to sand burial: Implications for coastal dune development Ch. 6

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Grains in Motion

Cited by 7 publications

References 185 publications

Causes and Effects of Sand and Dust Storms: What Has Past Research Taught Us? A Survey

Causes and Effects of Sand and Dust Storms: What Has Past Research Taught Us? A Survey

Development of the New Analytic Model for Sand Deposition Particles Downstream of a Fence

Biogeomorphic feedback drives dune development along nourished coastlines

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