Grain yield and root characteristics of summer maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) under shade stress conditions

Gao, Jia; Shi, Jian-guo; Dong, Shuting; Liu, P.; Zhao, Bin; Zhang, Jiwang

doi:10.1111/jac.12210

Cited by 46 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…This will help keep the carbon and nitrogen acquisition in tune. In accordance with these findings, direct shading in different phases of the growth period of field-grown maize was shown to suppress root mass, length, and absorptive area, suggesting reduced nutrient and/or water uptake rates (Gao et al, 2017). In addition to true shade, a reduced R: FR light ratio also affects root growth in different species Hunt, 1992, 1994;Salisbury et al, 2007).…”

Section: Functional Implications In Dense Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 62%

Light Signaling, Root Development, and Plasticity

2017

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Section: Functional Implications In Dense Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 62%

Light Signaling, Root Development, and Plasticity

2017

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“…In 2017, the SPAD value at 10 DAP only decreased in ZD958 and was unaffected in the other hybrids. The SPAD value at 20 DAP was unaffected in JY877, but the other three hybrids was decreased by shading, and the decrease was Plants 2020, 9,210 7 of 15 similar between MS and SS. At 30 and 40 DAP, the SPAD value was decreased by shading, and the decrease was severe under SS in all of the hybrids.…”

Section: Leaf Spad Valuementioning

confidence: 87%

“…ZD958: Zhengdan958; JY877: Jiangyu877; SY29: Suyu29; SY30: Suyu30. Values in the same year followed by different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).Plants 2020,9, 210 6 of 15…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Plants suffering from a low sunlight intensity at the post-silking stage experience a dissolution of their cell membrane, karyotheca, mitochondria and some membrane structures, leading to a decreased photosynthetic capacity [8]. Root physiological properties (dry weight, root/shoot ratio, absorption area) are deteriorated by shading [9]. Additionally, leaf relative chlorophyll content and plant dry matter accumulation are reduced [10], resulting in grain yield loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-Silking Shading Stress Affects Leaf Nitrogen Metabolism of Spring Maize in Southern China

Wang

Shi

et al. 2020

Plants

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Lower sunlight caused by overcast skies from June to July in Southern China is one of the main environmental stresses that frequently occur and affect the post-silking growth and grain development of spring maize. In this study, a field trial involving four maize hybrids as materials was conducted to investigate the effects of post-silking shading stress (30% and 50% light deprivation) on leaf nitrogen metabolism and biomass accumulation during maize growing seasons in 2016 and 2017. Results indicated that 30% and 50% shading stress caused the grain yield to decrease by 47.3% and 69.6%, respectively. Plant post-silking biomass accumulation was decreased by shading, whereas the translocation from pre-silking assimilates in the vegetative organs was increased by shading. This change was sharply observed when the plants were deprived of more sunlight intensity. The leaf relative chlorophyll (soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) value) and soluble protein contents were considerably decreased by shading under 50% light deprivation condition. The activities of nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase that are involved in nitrogen metabolism were downregulated by shading stresses. In conclusion, nitrogen metabolism was disturbed by shading, which induced the decrease in post-silking dry matter accumulation, ultimately resulting in grain yield loss.

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“…For example, the numbers of cloudy/overcast/rainy days from early-June to mid-July in 2016 and 2017 in Yangzhou were 47 and 46, respectively (data available at http://www.tianq ihoub ao.com/lishi/ yangz hou.html). Studies have observed that postsilking shading decreases photosynthetic and electron transport rates Reed, Singletary, Schussler, Williamson, & Christy, 1988;Ren et al, 2016;Zhong, Shi, Li, & Huang, 2014), damages the leaf mesophyll cell ultrastructure (Ren et al, 2016), reduces the activities of enzymes involved in photosynthesis (Sharwood, Sonawane, & Ghannoum, 2014) and the activity of the carbon-concentrating mechanism with increased leakiness (Bellasio & Griffiths, 2014), affects the root morphology and activity indices (Gao, Shi, et al, 2017), increases the grain abscisic acid (ABA) content (Setter, Flannigan, & Melkonian, 2001), and reduces the endosperm cell number and volume (Jia, Li, Dong, & Zhang, 2011). These adverse effects reduce the dry matter and nutrient accumulation (Cui et al, 2013;Liu & Tollenaar, 2009;Mbewe & Hunter, 1986), increase aborted grain numbers due to the nearly halted filling of apical grains, and decrease grain weight (Cui, Camberato, Jin, & Zhang, 2015;Reed et al, 1988;Setter et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of postsilking weak‐light stress on the flour quality of spring maize

Wen

Shi

et al. 2019

Cereal Chem

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Background and objectives The low sunlight from June to July caused by cloudy weather in Southern China has a detrimental influence on the grain yield and quality of spring maize because this period overlaps with the grain filling stage. A field trial was conducted to study the effects of postsilking shading (30% and 50% light deprivation defined as moderate sunlight [MS] and severe shading [SS], respectively, and with plants under natural sunlight as the control) on grain weight, nutrient contents, pasting, and thermal properties in 2016–2017. Zhengdan958 (ZD958) and Suyu30 (SY30) were used as materials. Findings MS and SS reduced the grain weight by 26.7% and 42.4% for ZD958 and by 17.4% and 25.7% for SY30 in 2016, respectively. In 2017, the decrease was 6.8% and 2.7% for ZD958 and SY30, respectively, and no difference was observed between MS and SS. Shading reduced the starch content and increased the protein content, and the effects were severe when a large amount of sunlight was deprived. SS increased the starch granule size in both varieties and years. MS resulted in an increase in 2016, but no increase was observed in 2017. Peak, trough, and breakdown viscosities decreased under shading. Similar reductions were generally observed between MS and SS. Shading exerted minimal effects on gelatinization and retrogradation temperatures, but the gelatinization enthalpy and peak height index gradually decreased with decreasing sunlight intensity. The retrogradation percentage increased under shading, and this increment was similar for MS and SS in 2016 and gradually intensified with increasing light deprivation in 2017. Conclusions Shading reduced starch and amylose contents and increased protein contents and starch granule size. These effects induced low peak and breakdown viscosities and high retrogradation percentage. The high viscosities and low retrograde of SY30 indicated that it has better grain quality than ZD958. Significance and novelty Shading deteriorates flour viscosity and increases the retrogradation tendency by reducing grain starch content and increasing protein content and starch granule size.

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Grain yield and root characteristics of summer maize (Zea maysL.) under shade stress conditions

Cited by 46 publications

References 54 publications

Light Signaling, Root Development, and Plasticity

Light Signaling, Root Development, and Plasticity

Post-Silking Shading Stress Affects Leaf Nitrogen Metabolism of Spring Maize in Southern China

Effects of postsilking weak‐light stress on the flour quality of spring maize

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