Grain Boundary and Buried Interface Suturing Enabled by Fullerene Derivatives for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Module

Abstract

For fabricating high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules, it is crucial to obtain high-quality perovskite (PVSK) films and efficient interfacial charge transport. Here, we introduce a synergistic strategy combining a [6,6]-4-fluoro­phenyl-C61-butyric acid (FPAC60) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and a bis-adduct 2,5-(dimethyl ester) C60 fullero­pyrrolidine (bis‑DMEC60) additive to obtain an efficient device. The FPAC60 SAM can not only promote charge transport and passivate defects at the SnO2/​PVSK buried interface but also serve as a nucleation site to regulate the crystallization process of PVSK films. Meanwhile, the bis‑DMEC60 located at the grain boundaries (GBs) can effectively suppress carrier recombination and ion migration. Combining the interfacial and GB suture functions of FPAC60 and bis‑DMEC60, the large-area (1 cm2) cell delivers a champion power conversion efficiency of 22.58%, and the 6 × 6 cm2 mini-module demonstrates an efficiency of 19.53% (certified 18.8%). The as-fabricated modules also exhibit promising illumination and thermal stability, retaining over 90% of their initial efficiencies after 1000 h.

Ultrathin Carbon Nitride Nanosheets with Fast Interlayer Charge Transfer: Toward Perovskite Solar Cells

“…The V bi of the PSCs with CN nanosheets is ∼0.88 V, which is larger than that of control PSCs (0.86 V). As a result, PSCs with CN nanosheets exhibit a larger V oc compared to the control PSCs . Moreover, the absolute value of the slope of the C –2 versus V characteristics for the PSCs with CN nanosheets is calculated to be 10.87 × 10 16 , which is also greater than that (9.89 × 10 16 ) of control PSCs.…”

“…As a result, PSCs with CN nanosheets exhibit a larger V oc compared to the control PSCs. 36 Moreover, the absolute value of the slope of the C −2 versus V characteristics for the PSCs with CN nanosheets is calculated to be 10.87 × 10 16 , which is also greater than that (9.89 × 10 16 ) of control PSCs. The larger absolute slope indicates the smaller interfacial charge carrier density within PSCs.…”

Ti3C2 MXene Nanosheets–Modified TiO2 Electron‐Transport Layers Enables Efficient Solar Cells with Outstanding Device Consistency

“…and the perovskite films grown on top leading to severe non-radiative charge recombination. [12,13] TiO 2 -based ETL has been widely employed for the PSCs. [13][14][15][16] It is well known that the native TiO 2 has a relatively low electron mobility which could lead to charge accumulation at the TiO 2 / perovskite interface, resulting in poor device performance.…”

“…[25,26] The hybrid perovskite, such as the widely used (FAPbI 3 )0.85 (MAPbBr 3 )0.15 composition (FA is HC(NH 2 ) 2 , MA is CH 3 NH 3 ), is composed of amino and metal cations, and halogen anions. [1][2][3][4][5][11][12][13][14][15][16] With continuous composition engineering, the chemical properties of perovskite have been largely enhanced to obtain efficient and stable PSCs. [27][28][29] Engineering of the buried interface between ETL and perovskite has been further demonstrated to improve the stability of PSCs against external stresses such as light, heat, and electricity.…”

Stereoselective Synthesis of Nontethered trans-4 Bis(aziridino)[60]fullerene Derivatives

“…Fullerene mono-addition derivatives have become the focus of current research due to their high yield [10][11][12][13]. Meanwhile, various fullerene regioisomers are also frequently produced during the synthesis process, and they frequently exhibit distinct properties from mono-adducts [14][15]. However, improving the stereoselectivity of bisfunctionalized fullerenes has become a huge challenge [16][17].…”