Graft copolymerization of acrylic acid to cassava starch—Evaluation of the influences of process parameters by an experimental design method

Water absorption, retention and the swelling characteristics of cassava starch grafted with polyacrylic acid

“…This is a renewable source of raw material which is abundantly available and relatively cheap in Asia, more specifically in Indonesia. Currently, the economic potential of cassava is not fully exploited which would make the development of possible industrial applications of particular interest (Witono, Noordergraaf, Heeres, & Janssen, 2012).…”

“…Full details of the reactor and the equipment were reported in Witono et al (2012). For the purpose of comparison, graft copolymer without crosslinker was also synthesized.…”

Graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto hydrolyzed potato starch using various initiators

“…During copolymerization with initiators AIBN, BP and PP, the formed grafted branches bind with starch backbone via oxygen because graft copolymerization is initiated by expelling active hydrogen atom from starch hydroxyl, Figure 1 [2,16].…”

Free-Radical Graft Polymerization onto Starch as a Tool to Tune Properties in Relation to Potential Applications. A Review

“…Still, that simplified representation may be of use when the effect of reaction variables is discussed in for instance §4, as most researchers use consistently a single type of starch. Figure 1 depicts one specific method, the generation of radicals with Fenton's reagent and reactions with acrylic acid monomer [11]. This is a water-soluble monomer, targeting alternatives for water-soluble performance polymers.…”

“…It may also be applied to grafting systems that have a low grafting efficiency. The grafting of acrylic acid with non-selective initiators [1,11] is one example that would suit this case, although in recent years some progress has been made in improving the graft performance [9].…”