Gråfjellprosjektet Bind 4:: I randen av taigaen – bosetning og ressursutnyttelse i jernalder og middelalderen i Østerdalen

Abstract

Forsidebilde: Vei gjennom skogen, riksvei 215, som går fra Rena elv til Osen, rett sør for Gråfj ellområdet.Front cover picture: Road through the forest, today's communication route -riksvei 215 -that runs from the river Rena to Osen, just south of the Gråfj ell area.Alle foto, tegninger og kart er utarbeidet av prosjektet der annet ikke er oppgitt.Diktet på motsatt side er publisert i Samlede dikt (1999, 5. utgave), Gyldendal. Gjengitt med tillatelse fra Gyldendal og Jacobsens arvinger.Alle henvendelser om denne boken kan rettes til: Portal forlag AS Gimlemoen 19

A review of PFAS fingerprints in fish from Norwegian freshwater bodies subject to different source inputs

“…Data for fish from freshwater bodies contaminated by AFFF used at Norwegian airports were provided by two Norwegian stakeholders that manage the majority of Norwegian airports (Avinor that manage commercial airports, 26–29 and the Norwegian Defence Estates Agency that manage military airports 30 ). These studies, 26–30 were data reports in which sampling methods were described and PFAS concentrations in fish sampled near airports were reported and compared to environmental quality standards (EQS).…”

“…Data for fish from freshwater bodies contaminated by AFFF used at Norwegian airports were provided by two Norwegian stakeholders that manage the majority of Norwegian airports (Avinor that manage commercial airports, 26–29 and the Norwegian Defence Estates Agency that manage military airports 30 ). These studies, 26–30 were data reports in which sampling methods were described and PFAS concentrations in fish sampled near airports were reported and compared to environmental quality standards (EQS). In addition, data from monitoring programs that took place between 2009 and 2019 commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency which included PFAS concentrations in freshwater food webs in large Norwegian lakes mainly polluted by long-range atmospheric transport, were used.…”

“…The data were retrieved from published studies. 26–33 Each of these studies reported concentrations in fish from freshwater bodies receiving PFAS from a specific source, and did not perform detailed comparisons of fingerprints related to different source inputs. Each of the eight sites represented one of three source types: (1) production of paper products (2) the use of AFFF, and (3) long-range atmospheric transport.…”

A survey of vehicle fires in Norwegian road tunnels 2008–2011

“…Road tunnel fires make up a substantial potential for catastrophe on the Norwegian road network. Although international research indicate that vehicle road tunnel fires seldom occur, these incidents constitute a particular risk, as they usually involve substantial release of smoke and heat (PIARC 2008;Stene, Jenssen, Bjørkli & Bertelsen 2003). Although the vehicle accident risk is lower in road tunnels than it is on the remaining road network, the catastrophe potential related to tunnel fire is higher (Jenssen, Bjørkli & Flø 2006: 16).…”

“…Although the vehicle accident risk is lower in road tunnels than it is on the remaining road network, the catastrophe potential related to tunnel fire is higher (Jenssen, Bjørkli & Flø 2006: 16). This is indicated by the three catastrophic road tunnel fires in Central-Europe at the turn of the century; in the Mont Blanc tunnel, the Tauern tunnel in 1999 and in the St. Gotthart tunnel in 2001 (Stene, Jenssen, Bjørkli & Bertelsen 2003).…”