Gradient measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) in the marine boundary layer of the northwest Sea of Japan (East Sea)

Калинчук, В. В.; Lopatnikov, E. A.; Астахов, А. С.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.055

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The highest concentrations of GOM and PBM were mainly observed in air masses from two wind sectors, as shown in Figure 10: southerly (from southeasterly to southwesterly with marine origins) and northerly (from northeasterly/northwesterly with continental origins). This is expected, as major mercury emission sources are mainly found in the northerly wind sectors from the site (Figure 1), while elevated GOM and PBM in southerly air masses were likely caused by the oxidation of GEM by halogens in the marine boundary layer [41][42][43]. The diurnal variation of a pollutant, such as carbon monoxide (CO), which is relatively inactive chemically, and so can be considered a quasi-conservative tracer, can be used to help understand the impact of the boundary layer dynamics at the site.…”

Section: Correlation With Meteorological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 71%

Long-Term Observations of Atmospheric Speciated Mercury at a Coastal Site in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2007–2018

et al. 2020

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Atmospheric mercury species (gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM), and particulate-bound mercury (PBM)), trace pollutants (O 3 , SO 2 , CO, NO, NO Y , and black carbon), and meteorological parameters have been continuously measured since 2007 at an Atmospheric Mercury Network (AMNet) site that is located on the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico in Moss Point, Mississippi. For the data that were collected between 2007 and 2018, the average concentrations and standard deviations are 1.39 ± 0.22 ng m −3 for GEM, 5.1 ± 10.2 pg m −3 for GOM, 5.9 ± 13.0 pg m −3 for PBM, and 309 ± 407 ng m −2 wk −1 for mercury wet deposition, with interannual trends of −0.009 ng m −3 yr −1 for GEM, −0.36 pg m −3 yr −1 for GOM, 0.18 pg m −3 yr −1 for PBM, and 2.8 ng m −2 wk −1 yr −1 for mercury wet deposition. The diurnal variation of GEM shows lower concentrations in the early morning due to GEM depletion, likely due to plant uptake in high humidity events and slight elevation during the day, likely due to downward mixing to the surface of higher concentrations of GEM in the air aloft. The seasonal variation of GEM shows higher levels in winter and spring and lower levels in summer and fall. Diurnal variations of both GOM and PBM show broad peaks in the afternoon likely due to the photochemical oxidation of GEM. Seasonally, PBM measurements exhibit higher levels in winter and early spring and lower levels in summer with rising levels in fall, while GOM measurements show high levels in late spring/early summer and late fall and low levels in winter. The seasonal variation of mercury wet deposition shows higher values in summer and lower values in winter, due to larger rainfall amounts in summer than in winter. As expected, anticorrelation between mercury wet deposition and the sum of GOM and PBM, but positive correlation between mercury wet deposition and rainfall were observed. Correlation among GOM, ozone, and SO 2 suggests possible different GOM sources: direct emissions and photochemical oxidation of GEM, with the possible influence of boundary layer dynamics and seasonal variability. This study indicates that the monitoring site experiences are impacted from local and regional mercury sources as well as large scale mercury cycling phenomena.

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Section: Correlation With Meteorological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 71%

Long-Term Observations of Atmospheric Speciated Mercury at a Coastal Site in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2007–2018

et al. 2020

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“…Much of the interest is in gaseous Hg 0 , a key species of Hg cycling that is exchanged between the atmosphere and soils, rivers, and oceans. 3 As a sulfophilic element, the geochemical cycle of Hg is tied to sulfides. Sulfide-group minerals are the most important sink of Hg in the Earth's crust, which host several parts per million (ppm) to as high as weight percent (wt %) levels of Hg.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since Hg is a pollutant toxic to humans and wildlife and an excellent tracer to monitor the geochemical evolution and anthropogenic disturbances in natural systems, interest in the geochemical behavior of Hg in the supergene environment has grown steadily. Much of the interest is in gaseous Hg 0 , a key species of Hg cycling that is exchanged between the atmosphere and soils, rivers, and oceans …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequestration of Gaseous Hg⁰ by Sphalerite with Fe Substitution: Performance, Mechanism, and Structure–Activity Relationship

et al. 2019

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The enrichment of mercury in sphalerite plays an important role in the migration and accumulation of Hg in the earth system. Despite Fe being the most common foreign ion in natural sphalerite, the effect of Fe substitution on the activity of sphalerite in the sequestration of Hg is not well understood. In this study, sphalerite and Fe-bearing sphalerite were synthesized by a coprecipitation method. Then, the structures and physico-chemistry properties were characterized, and their roles in the sequestration of gaseous Hg 0 were compared. The Fe-bearing sphalerite exhibits better activity in the removal of gaseous Hg 0 , with an average sequestration rate of 1.42 μg g −1 min −1 compared to the sequestration rate of 0.27 μg g −1 min −1 for sphalerite at 80 °C. The sequestration of Hg 0 by sphalerite is dominated by a chemical adsorption mechanism involving the rupture of the Zn−S bond and formation of HgS. The Fe substitution coincorporates oxygen in the surface and bulk structure of sphalerite. This is evidenced by the occurrence of binding energy affiliated with surface lattice oxygen and the formation of massive H 2 O in the X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H 2 -TPR) analyses of Fe-bearing sphalerite, respectively. The presence of lattice O weakens the adjacent Zn−S bond strength. This weakening is verified in the analyses of H 2 -TPR, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), Raman spectra, and structure optimization and is especially obvious for the increase in the Zn−S bond length and the decrease in both the oxidation and reduction temperature for the Zn−S bond in Fe-bearing sphalerite. The weakening of the Zn−S bond strength favors its breakage to form HgS and improves the activity of sphalerite in the sequestration of gaseous Hg 0 .

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Hair mercury concentrations in the spotted seal (Phoca largha) pups from the Sea of Japan

Трухин

Калинчук

2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This publication presents the results of a study of the total mercury (THg) concentration in the fetal hair (lanugo) of the young spotted seals inhabiting the Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. We analyzed samples from pups that were collected in 2014-2017 at the seal breeding grounds. The concentration of total mercury was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentration of THg ranged from 1.52 to 6.68 μg/g dry weight. Mercury concentration in the lanugo exceeds that found in the environment (bottom sediments, sea water) and in other animals inhabiting the Bay. At the same time, the level was generally lower than that found in young seals of most other pinniped species (Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus, Northern fur seal Callorhinus ursinus, Harbor seal Phoca vitulina richardsi, Northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris, California sea lion Zalophus californianus) from the North Pacific.

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Gradient measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) in the marine boundary layer of the northwest Sea of Japan (East Sea)

Cited by 11 publications

References 78 publications

Long-Term Observations of Atmospheric Speciated Mercury at a Coastal Site in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2007–2018

Long-Term Observations of Atmospheric Speciated Mercury at a Coastal Site in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2007–2018

Sequestration of Gaseous Hg⁰ by Sphalerite with Fe Substitution: Performance, Mechanism, and Structure–Activity Relationship

Hair mercury concentrations in the spotted seal (Phoca largha) pups from the Sea of Japan

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Gradient measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) in the marine boundary layer of the northwest Sea of Japan (East Sea)

Cited by 11 publications

References 78 publications

Long-Term Observations of Atmospheric Speciated Mercury at a Coastal Site in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2007–2018

Long-Term Observations of Atmospheric Speciated Mercury at a Coastal Site in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during 2007–2018

Sequestration of Gaseous Hg0 by Sphalerite with Fe Substitution: Performance, Mechanism, and Structure–Activity Relationship

Hair mercury concentrations in the spotted seal (Phoca largha) pups from the Sea of Japan

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Sequestration of Gaseous Hg⁰ by Sphalerite with Fe Substitution: Performance, Mechanism, and Structure–Activity Relationship