GRADE system: new paradigm

Terracciano, Luigi; Brožek, Jan; Compalati, Enrico; Schünemann, Holger J.

doi:10.1097/aci.0b013e32833c148b

Cited by 71 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We deliberately did not include an overall numeric rating of risk of study bias but, instead, made a judgment of the overall risk of study bias based on assessment of risk of bias of 10 individual items. This approach is consistent with the Cochrane and GRADE systems [3,22]. In addition, we have provided empirical evidence of its interrater agreement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The summary assessment evaluates the overall risk of study bias and is based on the rater's subjective judgment given responses to the preceding 10 items. This is based on the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and Cochrane approaches [3,22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors wanted to avoid a global study rating as they felt it could be potentially misleading as some biases may be more important than others, a position also held by a number of other experts [26,27], whereas other authors argued that a summary rating would be important in the analysis phase of GBD 2010 Study. The resulting consensus was to include the item to be consistent with approaches used by The Cochrane Collaboration and GRADE [3,22]. In addition, having an overall judgment of risk of bias does not preclude the performance of sensitivity analyses to explore individual items of bias in systematic reviews.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement

Hoy

Brooks²,

Woolf

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

1,918

1,631

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement

Hoy

Brooks²,

Woolf

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

1,918

1,631

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…If there is insufficient information in the article to permit judgement of a particular item, then the article is deemed to be at high risk of bias with respect to that item 1926 27GRADE, Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation; PRISMA, The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses.…”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of latent TB infection and TB disease among adolescents in high TB burden countries in Africa: a systematic review protocol

et al. 2017

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IntroductionAlmost a third of the world population has latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI), ∼10 million of whom develop TB disease annually, despite existence of effective, but lengthy, preventive and curative drug regimens. Although adolescents appear to have a very high force of LTBI, their reported incidence of TB disease is less than that of their corresponding general population. The few available studies on adolescent TB infection and disease prevalence are not sufficient to address the apparent discordance between rates of infection and disease in high TB burden countries in Africa. Therefore, we aim to perform a systematic review to examine the relationship between adolescent LTBI and TB disease, benchmarked against national TB disease burden data.Methods and analysisA comprehensive literature search will be performed for cross-sectional studies and screening data in cohort studies to determine the prevalence of LTBI and TB disease among adolescents in high TB burden countries in Africa in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Africa Wide, CINAHL and the Africa Index Medicus. This will be supplemented by a search of reference lists of selected articles for potentially relevant articles. We will restrict our search to articles published in the English language between 1990 and 2016 among adolescents in order to obtain estimates reflective of the mature HIV epidemic in most high TB burden countries in Africa that occurred over this critical period. Primary end points are: prevalence of LTBI and TB disease. We will use the random-effects or fixed-effects modelling for our meta-analysis based on heterogeneity estimates.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval is required given that this is a systematic review. Findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).Trial registration numberCRD42015023495.

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“…El análisis de la evidencia según el sistema GRADE (The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) establece fortalezas de recomendaciones terapéuticas más rigurosas. 11,34,35 Los objetivos del tratamiento de la tos cróni-ca consisten primariamente en eliminar el agente causal, promover la broncodilatación, movilizar las secreciones facilitando la expectoración y, en última instancia, suprimir la estimulación de receptores periféricos y deprimir el centro de la tos.…”

Section: Anamnesis Y Examen Físicounclassified

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la tos crónica en pediatría

Saranz

Lozano²,

Lozano³

et al. 2013

Arch Argent Pediat

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Diagnostic and treatment approach of chronic cough in childhood RESUMENLa tos crónica es un síntoma de diversos procesos patológicos de origen respiratorio o extrarrespiratorio, con impacto negativo en la calidad de vida del niño y su familia. El pediatra debe guiar su acción en busca del diagnóstico etiológico. Una cuidadosa historia clínica es clave para el diagnóstico y una guía para solicitar los estudios complementarios necesarios para la detección de las causas definitivas. La exacta identificación etiológica de la tos crónica debe ser seguida de un tratamiento específico. El abordaje sintomático con antitusivos y mucolíticos es excepcionalmente necesario y debería reservarse para algunas situaciones de tos inespecífica sin causa aparente. Palabras clave: tos crónica, infancia, diagnóstico, tratamiento. SUMMARYChronic cough is a symptom of various respiratory and non-respiratory conditions with negative impact on quality of life of children and their families. The pediatricians should focus their efforts in search for etiological diagnosis. A careful medical history and physical examination are the mainstays of diagnosis and guidance to further studies that may contribute to detection of final causes. The etiological identification of chronic cough must be followed by specific treatment. The symptomatic approach with antitussives and mucolytic drugs is exceptionally necessary and should be considered for some situations of nonspecific cough without any specific disease association. Correspondencia:Dr. Ricardo J. Saranz: rsaranz@arnet.com.ar Conflicto de intereses:Ninguno que declarar.Recibido: 11-10-2012 Aceptado: 28-12-2012 violenta con el objetivo de liberar de secreciones, material extraño o broncoespasmo las vías aéreas de conducción, y proteger el sistema respiratorio de agentes químicos, infecciosos, mecánicos y térmicos. 1,2 Puede transformarse en un síntoma perjudicial y molesto si es muy intensa o se prolonga en el tiempo, lo que impacta seriamente en la calidad de vida del niño y su familia, y genera un alto número de consultas médicas. 3-5Es de utilidad clínica definir la tos de acuerdo con su duración, su asociación con causas específicas y su respuesta terapéutica.La tos crónica en pediatría se define como aquella que persiste por más de ocho semanas. 6,7 No es una enfermedad per se, sino que suele ser la expresión clínica cardinal de numerosas patologías respiratorias y no respiratorias (tos específica).7-10 Cuando no puede reconocerse una causa se define como tos no específica, habitualmente de resolución espontánea. 7,11 Un 5% a 10% de la población pediátrica padece de tos crónica.3,12 Su evaluación y diagnóstico requiere el adecuado conocimiento de las posibles causas.13-15 Es prioritaria la precisa identificación de la causa para la realización de un tratamiento etiológico. La tos refractaria, que persiste a pesar del tratamiento, no implica fortalecer un abordaje sintomático con antitusivos o expectorantes, que pueden tener efectos colaterales perjudiciales, [16][17][18] si-

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GRADE system: new paradigm

Cited by 71 publications

References 39 publications

Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement

Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement

Prevalence of latent TB infection and TB disease among adolescents in high TB burden countries in Africa: a systematic review protocol

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la tos crónica en pediatría

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