GPS Vulnerability to Spoofing Threats and a Review of Antispoofing Techniques

Jafarnia-Jahromi, Ali; Broumandan, Ali; Nielsen, John; Lachapelle, Gérard

doi:10.1155/2012/127072

Cited by 299 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In both cases, such an attack most likely affects the power and/or the noise of the signal. Hence, various spoofing detection methods are based on signal power monitoring as for example, absolute power monitoring, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR or C/N 0 ) monitoring, or received power variations versus receiver movement [15,25,28].…”

Section: Gps Spoofingmentioning

confidence: 99%

R2U2: monitoring and diagnosis of security threats for unmanned aerial systems

Moosbrugger

Rozier

Schumann

2017

Form Methods Syst Des

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We present R2U2, a novel framework for runtime monitoring of security properties and diagnosing of security threats on-board Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). R2U2, implemented in FPGA hardware, is a real-time, Realizable, Responsive, Unobtrusive Unit for runtime system analysis, now including security threat detection. R2U2 is designed to continuously monitor inputs from on-board components such as the GPS, the ground control station, other sensor readings, actuator outputs, and flight software status. By simultaneously monitoring and performing statistical reasoning, attack patterns and post-attack discrepancies in the UAS behavior can be detected. R2U2 uses runtime observer pairs for Linear and Metric Temporal Logics for property monitoring and Bayesian networks for diagnosis of system health during runtime. We discuss the design and implementation that now enables R2U2 to handle security threats and present simulation results of several attack scenarios on the NASA DragonEye UAS.

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Section: Gps Spoofingmentioning

confidence: 99%

R2U2: monitoring and diagnosis of security threats for unmanned aerial systems

Moosbrugger

Rozier

Schumann

2017

Form Methods Syst Des

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“…The problematic areas are especially parking structures and tunnels, bridges, city centers with narrow streets and high buildings, narrow valleys, etc. GNSS is also vulnerable to spoofing and jamming attacks [8,9] that can prevent its correct operation. To avoid the loss of communications in case of unavailable or unreliable positioning services, clustering and other low-level communications should function independently.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle interconnection metric and clustering protocol for improved connectivity in vehicular ad hoc networks

Vodopivec

Hajdinjak

Bešter

et al. 2014

J Wireless Com Network

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Communication is the main driving force behind the emerging intelligent transportation systems, which are expected to make traveling safer, more ecological, and faster. The most challenging among all the different communication technologies that will be used are the direct vehicle-to-vehicle communications, because vehicles move with high speeds and in different directions. Apart from that, it is expected that vehicles should be able to organize themselves in an ad hoc network without any assistance from outside entities, such as road side units. To make the ad hoc network less dynamic and communications more reliable, vehicles with similar movement patterns can be grouped together in clusters. Clustering is a well-known method for organizing ad hoc networks and is used in mobile and wireless sensor networks, but with different constraints and goals, so new clustering solutions for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) have to be developed. In recent years, this has been a hot topic among researchers and many different clustering algorithms for VANET have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a new clustering metric for VANET, named vehicle interconnection metric, which is based on sending periodic beacons among vehicles and reflects the communication abilities between them. We also propose a new clustering algorithm whose primary goal is increased connectivity and lower number of disconnects. The working principle of this algorithm is also inverted compared to others and uses unneeded cluster head elimination instead of cluster head election. Mathematical analysis of memory usage and communication overhead are provided, predicting low-resource usage. Simulation results, obtained with the ns-3 network simulator and the SUMO vehicle movement simulator, have confirmed the analysis and expected performance in terms of cluster head duration, number of connectivity losses and role switches.

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“…[23] seems to have investigated spoofing and spoofing countermeasures in detail in a internal memorandum for he MITRE Corporation. Some antispoofing techniques are being used to detect GNSS spoofers based on signal simulator: amplitude monitoring, time-of-arrival discriminator and consistency checks among different measurements [24].…”

Section: Fifth Strategy: Spoofing and Meaconing Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of GNSS Interference Impact on Society and Evaluation of Spectrum Protection Strategies

Sanou¹,

Landry²

2013

POS

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Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology is growing fast in our society and new applications are being introduced at an unprecedented pace. The GNSS products provide worldwide and real-time services using precise timing information, positioning and synchronization technologies. Within years, GNSS applications are becoming more accurate and their precision opens doors to a wide range of applications. Nevertheless, these applications are susceptible to disruption in the operation of GNSS receivers when malfunctions, failures or interference occur. This paper's objective is to make an overall analysis of GNSS failure impact on society and therefore make a review of GNSS spectrum protection strategies. In the first three sections of this analysis, we survey GNSS applications, their importance and their criticality. While questioning the criticality of GNSS applications, we evaluate their impact on main critical infrastructures and particularly the risks of critical dependencies in case of failure or interference. In the last two sections, we investigate GNSS spectrum interference in relation to its effects on crucial infrastructures. We review the principal Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) sources leading to GNSS and satellite communications (SATCOM) spectrum issues. Alongside, we study various ways to mitigate RFI. This process is essential to further develop and standardize mitigation techniques and to ensure GNSS spectrum immunity against RFI.

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GPS Vulnerability to Spoofing Threats and a Review of Antispoofing Techniques

Cited by 299 publications

References 9 publications

R2U2: monitoring and diagnosis of security threats for unmanned aerial systems

R2U2: monitoring and diagnosis of security threats for unmanned aerial systems

Vehicle interconnection metric and clustering protocol for improved connectivity in vehicular ad hoc networks

Analysis of GNSS Interference Impact on Society and Evaluation of Spectrum Protection Strategies

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