GPS-Free Maintenance of A Free-Space-Optical Link Between Two Autonomous Mobiles

Khan, Mahmudur; Yüksel, Murat; Winkelmaier, Garrett

doi:10.1109/tmc.2016.2602834

“…A channel model was introduced in [15] for an FSO link between a UAV and a ground robot. Also, a tracking scheme for automatic alignment between mobile nodes was proposed in [16]. Open loop link alignment modeling was considered in [17] for an FSO link between two hovering UAVs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Modeling and Parameter Optimization for Hovering UAV-Based Free-Space Optical Links

Dabiri

¹

,

Sadough

²

,

Khalighi

³

2018

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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Recently, the use of multi-rotor (MR) unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has emerged as a promising solution for establishing flexible free-space optical (FSO) communication links. We address in this paper accurate channel modeling to assess the benefits of MR UAV-based deployment for such links. In particular, in the absence of active tracking subsystems, we derive statistical models for ground-to-UAV, UAV-to-UAV, and UAV-to-ground links over both Gamma-Gamma and lognormal atmospheric turbulence models. Unlike previous works on this topic, our proposed model considers the joint effect of atmospheric turbulence along with position and angle-of-arrival fluctuations. The high accuracy of the proposed analytical models is verified by comparing numerically solved and Monte-Carlo simulation results in terms of link outage probability. We further discuss the impact of different transmitter/receiver parameters and their optimization in view of maximizing the link availability.

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“…With an array of photo-detectors located at the focal plane of the receiver, a spatial beam tracking method was proposed for a ground-to-drone FSO link to tackle the effect of hovering fluctuations of the receiver [10]. Moreover, there exist accurate beam tracking methods based on mechanical or piezoelectric equipment, e.g., gimbals and retro reflectors, which are readily applicable for mobile FSO communications [11], [12]. A recent comprehensive literature review [13] discussed existing beam acquisition and tracking mechanisms suitable for mobile FSO communications and categorized these mechanisms according to their working principles, use cases, their advantages and disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Channel Model and Link Design Optimization for Ground-to-HAP Free-Space Optical Communications

Safi

¹

,

Dargahi

²

,

Cheng

³

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Integrating high altitude platforms (HAPs) and free space optical (FSO) communications is a promising solution to establish high data rate aerial links for the next generation wireless networks. However, practical limitations such as pointing errors and angle-of-arrival (AOA) fluctuations of the optical beam due to the orientation deviations of hovering HAPs make it challenging to implement HAP-based FSO links. For a ground-to-HAP FSO link, tractable, closed-form statistical channel models are derived in this paper to simplify optimal design of such systems. The proposed models include the combined effects of atmospheric turbulence regimes (i.e., log-normal and gammagamma), pointing error induced geometrical loss, pointing jitter variance caused by beam wander, detector aperture size, beamwidth, and AOA fluctuations of the received optical beam. The analytical expressions are corroborated by performing Monte-Carlo simulations. Furthermore, closed-form expressions for the outage probability of the considered link under different turbulence regimes are derived. Detailed analysis is carried out to optimize the transmitted laser beam and the field-of-view of the receiver for minimizing outage probability under different channel conditions. The obtained analytical results can be applied to finding the optimal parameter values and designing ground-to-HAP FSO links without resorting to time-consuming simulations.

show abstract

“…With an array of photo-detectors located at the focal plane of the receiver, a spatial beam tracking method was proposed for a ground-to-drone FSO link to tackle the effect of hovering fluctuations of the receiver [10]. Moreover, there exist accurate beam tracking methods based on mechanical or piezoelectric equipment, e.g., gimbals and retro reflectors, which are readily applicable for mobile FSO communications [11], [12]. A recent comprehensive literature review [13] discussed existing beam acquisition and tracking mechanisms suitable for mobile FSO communications and categorized these mechanisms according to their working principles, use cases, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Channel Model and Link Design Optimization for Ground-to-HAP Free-Space Optical Communication Networks

Safi,

Dargahi,

Cheng

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

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Integrating high altitude platforms (HAPs) and free space optical (FSO) communications is a promising solution to establish high data rate aerial links for the next generation wireless networks. However, practical limitations such as pointing errors and angle-of-arrival (AOA) fluctuations of the optical beam due to the orientation deviations of hovering HAPs make it challenging to implement HAP-based FSO links. For a ground-to-HAP FSO link, tractable, closed-form statistical channel models are derived in this paper to simplify optimal design of such systems. The proposed models include the combined effects of atmospheric turbulence regimes (i.e., log-normal and gammagamma), pointing error induced geometrical loss, pointing jitter variance caused by beam wander, detector aperture size, beamwidth, and AOA fluctuations of the received optical beam. The analytical expressions are corroborated by performing Monte-Carlo simulations. Furthermore, closed-form expressions for the outage probability of the considered link under different turbulence regimes are derived. Detailed analysis is carried out to optimize the transmitted laser beam and the field-of-view of the receiver for minimizing outage probability under different channel conditions. The obtained analytical results can be applied to finding the optimal parameter values and designing ground-to-HAP FSO links without resorting to time-consuming simulations.Index Terms-Angle-of-arrival fluctuations, atmospheric turbulence, channel modeling, free-space optics, high altitude platforms.1 It is worth noting that, as proposed and implemented in [8], [9], there exist spaceborne optical communication links (i.e., high data-rate bi-directional optical communications between Earth and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), and low Earth orbit (LEO)) that employ adaptive optics (AO) to facilitate coupling the received optical signal into a single-mode fiber. In this regard, the AO system should be capable of coupling more than half the received signal into the single mode fiber. Due its technical complexity and implementation cost as well as it narrow scopes (which are mainly limited to deep space communications), in this paper, we do not consider these types of FSO communication systems that employ the AO subsystem in their links.

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GPS-Free Maintenance of A Free-Space-Optical Link Between Two Autonomous Mobiles

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Channel Modeling and Parameter Optimization for Hovering UAV-Based Free-Space Optical Links

Channel Modeling and Parameter Optimization for Hovering UAV-Based Free-Space Optical Links

Analytical Channel Model and Link Design Optimization for Ground-to-HAP Free-Space Optical Communications

Analytical Channel Model and Link Design Optimization for Ground-to-HAP Free-Space Optical Communication Networks

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