Gonococcal and meningococcal pathogenesis as defined by human cell, cell culture, and organ culture assays.

Stephens, D S

doi:10.1128/cmr.2.suppl.s104-s111.1989

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Presumably this is due to the distribution of specific host cell receptors (16). Both organisms often are carried asymptomatically (212,292). The carriage rates are lower than formerly believed, however, owing to the recognition of distinctions between B. catarrhalis and N. cinerea and the differentiation of nontypable meningococci from N. lactamica and N. polysaccharea (177,258).…”

Section: Pseudogonococcal Conjunctivitis and Urogenital Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of adherence have demonstrated specific interactions between adhesins on bacterial surfaces and receptors on mucosal surfaces (16). The adhesins of gonococci and meningococci include pili and heatmodifiable outer membrane proteins, for example, gonococcal protein 11 (285,292). Investigators at Nagasaki University described interesting research on B. catarrhalis adherence.…”

Section: Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Branhamella catarrhalis: an organism gaining respect as a pathogen.

Catlin

1990

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

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Section: Pseudogonococcal Conjunctivitis and Urogenital Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Branhamella catarrhalis: an organism gaining respect as a pathogen.

Catlin

1990

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

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“…MC and GC adhere well to human epithelial cells and, to a much lesser degree, to animal cells (110). Cell culture assays, in conjunction with electron microscopic observations of infected cells, have clearly shown that both MC and GC are able to invade epithelial cells (13,18,107,110). However, there is great variability in adhesion and invasion frequencies among strains and even among isolates of the same strain (18,58,79,138,139).…”

Section: Cell Culture Systemsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The limited availability of human tissue segments, the high degree of technical expertise required to conduct studies using organ culture, and the time-consuming nature of these experiments make it necessary to use alternative systems to quantitate bacterium-host interactions. Adherence and invasion are therefore studied most commonly with immortalized human epithelial cells: HEC-1-B, derived from the endometrium; ME-180 and A431, derived from the endocervix; HeLa cells, derived from a cervical carcinoma; and Chang cells, derived from conjunctiva (107,110). MC and GC adhere well to human epithelial cells and, to a much lesser degree, to animal cells (110).…”

Section: Cell Culture Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adherence and invasion are therefore studied most commonly with immortalized human epithelial cells: HEC-1-B, derived from the endometrium; ME-180 and A431, derived from the endocervix; HeLa cells, derived from a cervical carcinoma; and Chang cells, derived from conjunctiva (107,110). MC and GC adhere well to human epithelial cells and, to a much lesser degree, to animal cells (110). Cell culture assays, in conjunction with electron microscopic observations of infected cells, have clearly shown that both MC and GC are able to invade epithelial cells (13,18,107,110).…”

Section: Cell Culture Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction of pathogenic neisseriae with nonphagocytic cells

Nassif

1995

Clin Microbiol Rev

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The ability to interact with nonphagocytic cells is a crucial virulence attribute of the meningococcus and the genococcus. Like most bacterial pathogens, Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae initiate infections by colonizing the mucosal epithelium, which serves as the site of entry. After this step, both bacteria cross the intact mucosal barrier. While N. gonorrhoeae is likely to remain in the subepithelial matrix, where it initiates an intense inflammatory reaction, N. meningitidis enters the bloodstream, and eventually the cerebrospinal fluid to cause meningitis. Both pathogens have evolved very similar mechanisms for interacting with host cells. Surface structures that influence bacterium-host interactions include pili, the meningococcal class 5 outer membrane proteins or the gonococcal opacity proteins, lipooligosaccharide, and the meningococcal capsule. This review examines what is known about the roles these structures play in bacterial adhesion and invasion, with special emphasis, on pilus-mediated adhesion. Finally, the importance of these structures in neisserial pathogenesis is discussed.

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Neisseria gonorrhoeaebreaches the apical junction of polarized epithelial cells for transmigration by activating EGFR

et al. 2013

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Summary Neisseria gonorrhoeae initiates infection at the apical surface of columnar endocervical epithelial cells in the female reproductive tract. These cells provide a physical barrier against pathogens by forming continuous apical junctional complexes between neighbouring cells. This study examines the interaction of gonococci (GC) with polarized epithelial cells. We show that viable GC preferentially localize at the apical side of the cell–cell junction in polarized endometrial and colonic epithelial cells, HEC-1-B and T84. In GC-infected cells, continuous apical junctional complexes are disrupted, and the junction-associated protein β-catenin is redistributed from the apical junction to the cytoplasm and to GC adherent sites; however, overall cellular levels remain unchanged. This redistribution of junctional proteins is associated with a decrease in the ‘fence’ function of the apical junction but not its ‘gate’ function. Disruption of the apical junction by removing calcium increases GC transmigration across the epithelial monolayer. GC inoculation induces the phosphorylation of both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and β-catenin, while inhibition of EGFR kinase activity significantly reduces both GC-induced β-catenin redistribution and GC transmigration. Therefore, the gonococcus is capable of weakening the apical junction and polarity of epithelial cells by activating EGFR, which facilitates GC transmigration across the epithelium.

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Gonococcal and meningococcal pathogenesis as defined by human cell, cell culture, and organ culture assays.

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Branhamella catarrhalis: an organism gaining respect as a pathogen.

Branhamella catarrhalis: an organism gaining respect as a pathogen.

Interaction of pathogenic neisseriae with nonphagocytic cells

Neisseria gonorrhoeaebreaches the apical junction of polarized epithelial cells for transmigration by activating EGFR

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