Gold nanorods and nanohydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel for preventing bone tumor recurrence via postoperative photothermal therapy and bone regeneration promotion

Abstract

Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor, which often occurs in adolescents. However, surgical resection usually fails to completely remove the tumor clinically, which has been the main cause of postoperative recurrence and metastasis, resulting in the high death rate of patients. At the same time, osteosarcoma invades a large area of the bone defect, which cannot be self-repaired and seriously affects the life quality of the patients. Herein, a bifunctional methacrylated gelatin/methacrylated chondroitin sulfate hydrogel hybrid gold nanorods (GNRs) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), which possessed excellent photothermal effect, was constructed to eradicate residual tumor after surgery and bone regeneration. In vitro , K7M2wt cells (a mouse bone tumor cell line) can be efficiently eradicated by photothermal therapy of the hybrid hydrogel. Meanwhile, the hydrogel mimics the extracellular matrix to promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. The GNRs/nHA hybrid hydrogel was capable of photothermal treatment of postoperative tumors and bone defect repair in a mice model of tibia osteosarcoma. Therefore, the hybrid hydrogel possesses dual functions of tumor therapy and bone regeneration, which shows great potential in curing bone tumors and provides a new hope for tumor-related bone complex disease.

A Review on Hydrogels with Photothermal Effect in Wound Healing and Bone Tissue Engineering

“…The inorganic materials with photothermal effects include carbon nanotubes [ 49 , 50 , 51 ], reduced graphene oxide (rGO) [ 52 , 53 ], gold nanoparticles [ 54 , 55 , 56 ], BP [ 57 , 58 ], AuPds [ 31 ], silver [ 59 ], TiO 2 [ 60 ], and platinum nanoparticles [ 61 ]. However, the aggregation of nanoparticles in organisms limits their applications.…”

Water-soluble PANI:PSS designed for spontaneous non-disruptive membrane penetration and direct intracellular photothermal damage on bacteria

“…Numerous literatures have proven that the heat converted from light energy can inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant bacteria and also prevent the formation of bacterial biofilm structures [ 23 ]. What's more, PTA protocols are generally featured by minimal invasiveness, high tissue permeability, and negligible thermal damage under the biological window (700–1000 nm) [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Effect of Micro-/Nanoparticle Hybrid Hydrogel Platform on the Treatment of Articular Cartilage-Related Diseases

“…Accordingly, the micro-/nanoparticle hybrid hydrogel platform is suitable for biomedicine and tissue engineering. Currently, it is popular with research on drug delivery [39,85,98], tumors [99][100][101][102], tissue repair and regeneration [103], and wound healing [94]. Obviously, the hybrid system is promising and effective in the treatment of diseases.…”