Gold Electrode Incorporating Corrole as an Ion-Channel Mimetic Sensor for Determination of Dopamine

Abstract

Here, we report on an ion-channel mimetic sensor using self-assembly monolayers deposited onto gold electrodes for electrochemical determination of dopamine. The different compositions of the modification solution consist of corrole-SH and other thiol derivatives used as the "background compounds" such as 1-dodecanethiol (DDT), 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (HS(CH(2))(6)OH), or 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (HS(CH(2))(11)OH) were explored to find the best self-assembled monolayer (SAM) suitable for dopamine determination. Among them, the mixed SAM consisting of corroles with the -SH group and 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (HS(CH(2))(6)OH) in the molar ratio 1:10 was the most sensitive. The signals generated by the formation of a complex between the corrole host and the dopamine guest were measured by Osteryoung square-wave voltammetry (OSWV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with [Ru(NH(3))(6)](3+) as an electroactive marker. The developed sensor was free of interferences of components of human plasma such as ascorbic acid, creatinine, creatine, and uric acid. The detection limits observed by EIS in buffer solution and in the presence of centrifuged human plasma 80 times diluted with a 0.9% NaCl containing 0.01 M borate buffer solution of pH 7.0 were 3.3 x 10(-12) and 5.3 x 10(-12) M, respectively.

Voltammetric Detection of a Specific DNA Sequence of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 Using HS‐ssDNA Probe Deposited onto Gold Electrode

“…The system was selective. In the presence of nc- In order to eliminate the capacitive current, the hybridization processes performed with the genosensor proposed were controlled using OSWV [45,46,51,52].…”

Probing the Electron Transfer Process of Cytochrome C Embedded in Mixed Thiol SAM on Electrodeposited Gold

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] In particular, CME's formed by self assembling of organic monolayer, SAM, adsorbed on metallic surface have been deeply investigated. 7,8 The most popular SAM's are those formed by alkanethiol molecules adsorbed on gold, which exhibit physico-chemical properties modulated by the organic chain length, the alkanethiol terminal groups, the molecule package density, the status of the metallic surface.…”

Nanotechnology platforms in Parkinson’s Disease

“…The field testing of this array lead to the interesting finding of a reduced UA level in 7 PD patients than in healthy individuals which can make uric acid a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of PD [61]. In yet another modification, Kurzatkowska et al developed ion-channel mimetic self-assembled monolayers of macrocyclic polyamines deposited onto gold electrodes for electrochemical determination of dopamine [62]. The corrole molecules covalently attached on the surface of gold electrodes was an example of biomimicry of ligand-gated ion channels making the electrode surface semi-permeable to a redox marker.…”

“…The corrole molecules covalently attached on the surface of gold electrodes was an example of biomimicry of ligand-gated ion channels making the electrode surface semi-permeable to a redox marker. Upon addition of dopamine, a corrole-dopamine complex is formed on the monolayer leading to the recording of a positive charge on the electrode [62]. This allowed the detection limits to go down to the picomolar range [62].…”

“…Upon addition of dopamine, a corrole-dopamine complex is formed on the monolayer leading to the recording of a positive charge on the electrode [62]. This allowed the detection limits to go down to the picomolar range [62]. Thus, the detection of dopamine can be made more sensitive and the detection limits can be reduced by orders of magnitude with the incorporation of nanotechnology-based smart platforms.…”