Going Behind the High Rates of NEETs in Italy and Spain: The Role of Early School Leavers

Luca, Giovanni De; Mazzocchi, Paolo; Quintano, Claudio; Rocca, Antonella

doi:10.1007/s11205-020-02370-3

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There is little doubt that the risk of a young person becoming NEET is strongly influenced by several individual characteristics: Lower qualifications; early school leaving; having at least one child or being a single parent; having an illness or disability; living in a remote area or small city; or holding an extra-EU migration status (Carcillo et al 2015;Caroleo et al 2020;Contini et al 2019;Eurofound 2012;de Luca et al 2020;Mascherini 2019;OECD 2016;Robson 2008;Vancea and Utzet 2018). Family background also seems to play a crucial role, as young people with parents who have experienced unemployment, have a low educational level, are poor, or have been divorced also have a higher risk of being NEET (Bynner and Parsons 2002;Caroleo et al 2020;OECD 2016;Pemberton 2008).…”

Section: Individual Structural and Institutional Determinants Of Being Neetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Young NEETs Across Europe: Exploring the Institutional Configurations Promoting Youth Disengagement from Education and Employment

Assmann

Broschinski

2021

JAYS

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Over the past decade, the number of young people neither in employment, education, or training (NEET) has reached a seriously high level in many European countries. Previous studies have illustrated the heterogeneity of this group and that they differ considerably across Europe. However, the reasons of these cross-country differences have hardly been investigated so far. This study explores how the rates of different NEET subgroups are conditioned by various institutional configurations by applying fuzzy-set Quantitative Comparative Analysis for 26 European countries using aggregated EU Labour Force Survey data from 2018. The analysis reveals that institutional causes of being NEET are as diverse as the group itself. Thus, high levels of young NEETs with care responsibilities are found in countries with a lack of family-related services in conjunction with weak formalised long-term care as it is true in mostly Central Eastern European countries. In contrast, high rates of NEETs with a disability are prevalent mainly in Northern European countries where generous and inefficient disability benefit schemes exist that create false incentives to stay away from the labour market. Finally, high proportions of unemployed and discouraged young NEETs are found in those countries hit hardest by the crisis and with high labour market rigidities, low vocational specificity, and a lack of active labour market policies like in the Southern and some Central Eastern European countries. The results illustrate that young people face very different barriers across Europe and that country-specific measures must be taken to reduce the number of NEETs in Europe.

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Section: Individual Structural and Institutional Determinants Of Being Neetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Young NEETs Across Europe: Exploring the Institutional Configurations Promoting Youth Disengagement from Education and Employment

Assmann

Broschinski

2021

JAYS

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“…This fact is also related to the so-called early school leavers issue, in that poor social and economic conditions may encourage early school dropouts, thereby increasing the share of NEETS. This phenomenon is particularly relevant in countries like Spain and Italy, as documented by De Luca et al (2020) .…”

Section: Data and Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Finally, De Luca et al (2019 , 2020 ) have also analysed the evolution of the aggregate NEET rate, using the LFS data. They document the increase in the aggregate NEET rate in Italy and other European countries over the Great Recession, finding that there is a change after the implementation of the Youth Guarantee, but following a North–South regional divide in Italy, decreasing especially for female NEET in the South of the country ( De Luca et al , 2019 ).…”

Section: Neet: From a Static Concept To A Longitudinal Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They document the increase in the aggregate NEET rate in Italy and other European countries over the Great Recession, finding that there is a change after the implementation of the Youth Guarantee, but following a North–South regional divide in Italy, decreasing especially for female NEET in the South of the country ( De Luca et al , 2019 ). A comparison of Italy and Spain is presented in De Luca (2020) , showing how early school leaving affects the NEET rates and finding that this relationship is clearer for Italy than for Spain.…”

Section: Neet: From a Static Concept To A Longitudinal Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Being a NEET before and after the Great Recession: persistence by gender in Southern Europe

Mussida

Baussola

Malo

et al. 2021

Socio-Economic Review

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This article adds to the scant literature on the time persistence of being a young Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) by including four main novelties: we distinguish short- and long-term persistence; we use estimations before (2004–2007) and after the Great Recession (2013–2016); we analyse four Southern European countries that are relatively similar and were significantly affected by the Great Recession (Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain); and all analyses are disaggregated by gender. The descriptive analysis shows a convergence in NEET rates by gender in the four countries due to a worsening of the male NEET rate and no improvement among young females. The econometric estimations show that long-term persistence is smaller than short-term persistence and that the latter increased after the Great Recession, especially for male NEETs. Policy implications for the design of the Youth Guarantee and lessons from the coronavirus pandemic are also discussed.

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“…The problem is that education is still put forward as solution panacea, allowing public policies to focus on educational rather than other structural measures to create employment and facilitate labour market integration. The deficit perspective applied to young people becomes particularly visible when these two subgroups are considered: young people with little or no education are told that they should study (or have studied) more (De Luca et al 2020 ), and young people with education are told that they are too ‘fussy’ and should accept job offers even if they are below their educational levels and aspirations (Vallejo Peña 2017 ).…”

Section: Conceptualisations Around the Notions Of Neet And Ninimentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining NEET situations in Spain: Labour Market, Discourses and Policies

Strecker

López

Cabasés³

2021

JAYS

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Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET) and its Spanish equivalent ‘nini’ (Ni estudia, Ni trabaja) have dominated youth policy discourses in recent years. Within the European Union, Spain is one of the countries with the highest proportion of young people in NEET situations. In this article, it is argued that the idea of NEET has been weaponised to stigmatise youth, by evoking the phantom of a demotivated young person with scarce training. This stigmatisation has little to do with the reality of many young Spaniards who can find themselves in different situations, such as unemployment, precarious employment, training and education in a matter of days. Thus, there is a need to consider the different experiences and structural circumstances of so-called NEETs rather than viewing them as a homogenous and static group. Using documentary analysis and secondary data, this article examines the diversity of NEET situations for the youth in Spain, which is generally not captured in large national statistics data-sets and policies. Furthermore, it analyses the EU Youth Guarantee and its application in Spain, highlighting where official objectives have not been met, and includes an overview of the current effects of the coronavirus crisis. Ultimately, the paper shows that public discourses centred on an artificially created social group (NEET) legitimise and produce policies that do not respond to young people’s actual needs and problems, especially for the most vulnerable among them.

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Going Behind the High Rates of NEETs in Italy and Spain: The Role of Early School Leavers

Cited by 36 publications

References 28 publications

Mapping Young NEETs Across Europe: Exploring the Institutional Configurations Promoting Youth Disengagement from Education and Employment

Mapping Young NEETs Across Europe: Exploring the Institutional Configurations Promoting Youth Disengagement from Education and Employment

Being a NEET before and after the Great Recession: persistence by gender in Southern Europe

Examining NEET situations in Spain: Labour Market, Discourses and Policies

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