Goat milk attenuates mimetic aging related memory impairment via suppressing brain oxidative stress, neurodegeneration and modulating neurotrophic factors in d-galactose-induced aging model

Safdar, Afifa; Zakaria, Rahimah; Aziz, Che Badariah Ab; Rashid, Usman; Azman, Khairunnuur Fairuz

doi:10.1007/s10522-019-09854-x

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…According to the results of a separate study conducted at our laboratory, goat milk was able to suppress oxidative stress in the brains and enhanced the brain neurotrophic factors of rats treated with d -galactose. 29 There are various other factors which may be the mechanisms of action of goat milk such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory or neuroprotective activities. This possibility is currently being investigated in our laboratory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Goat milk enhances memory of d-galactose-induced aging rats

Safdar

Azman

Zakaria

et al. 2021

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

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Background and aim Goat milk is a food of high nutritional value and has been proved to possess strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, thus far, little is known of its possible effects on brain especially on memory during aging. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of goat milk supplementation on memory in d -galactose-induced aging rat model. Experimental procedure Fifty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1) control group, 2) goat milk treated group, 3) d -galactose treated group, and 4) goat milk plus d -galactose treated group. Goat milk (1 g/kg orally) and/or d -galactose (120 mg/kg subcutaneously) were administered continuously for six weeks preceded and followed by novel object recognition and T-maze test. Results and conclusion Prior to goat milk and d -galactose administration, there was no significant difference ( p > 0.05) in memory between all groups. Goat milk administration alone significantly increased short- and long-term memory ( p < 0.05) while d -galactose administration alone significantly decreased short-, long-term and spatial memory ( p < 0.001). Goat milk treatment to d -galactose-induced rats managed to protect against memory decline as exhibited by significantly higher short-, long-term and spatial memory ( p < 0.0001) when compared to the untreated d -galactose-induced rats. These results suggest that goat milk as a whole or due to the taurine or sialic acid contained in goat milk is effective in improving memory functions and may be useful in protecting against age-related memory deficits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Goat milk enhances memory of d-galactose-induced aging rats

Safdar

Azman

Zakaria

et al. 2021

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

Self Cite

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“…to reduce the function of some important enzymes related to it and induce experimental animals to show biochemical changes similar to natural ageing 99 . At present, in the field of ageing and anti‐ageing at home and abroad, the d ‐galactose subacute ageing model, as an ideal mouse model, has been widely used in research on senile diseases, anti‐ageing measures, and anti‐ageing drug screening 100 . Chen et al 101 .…”

Section: Classification Of Mouse Models Of Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse models of sarcopenia: classification and evaluation

Xie

Dong-sheng

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

113

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Sarcopenia is a progressive and widespread skeletal muscle disease that is related to an increased possibility of adverse consequences such as falls, fractures, physical disabilities and death, and its risk increases with age. With the deepening of the understanding of sarcopenia, the disease has become a major clinical disease of the elderly and a key challenge of healthy ageing. However, the exact molecular mechanism of this disease is still unclear, and the selection of treatment strategies and the evaluation of its effect are not the same. Most importantly, the early symptoms of this disease are not obvious and are easy to ignore. In addition, the clinical manifestations of each patient are not exactly the same, which makes it difficult to effectively study the progression of sarcopenia. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and use animal models to understand the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and develop therapeutic strategies. This paper reviews the mouse models that can be used in the study of sarcopenia, including ageing models, genetically engineered models, hindlimb suspension models, chemical induction models, denervation models, and immobilization models; analyses their advantages and disadvantages and application scope; and finally summarizes the evaluation of sarcopenia in mouse models.

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