Glyphosate persistence in seawater

Mercurio, Philip; Flores, Florita; Mueller, Jochen F.; Carter, Steve; Negri, Andrew P.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.021

Cited by 158 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…According to FPPD 2012 [26], Mackay et al 2006 [27] and Gassemini et al 1981 [28], cited by Mercurio et al 2014 [29], the half-life of glyphosate in fresh water was estimated between 28 and 87 days.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Half-Life of Glyphosate on the Control of Water Hyacinths in Water Tanks

Souza¹,

Foloni²,

Filho³

et al. 2017

JWARP

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The present study had the purpose to assess the behavior of the herbicide glyphosate in the control of water hyacinths, in a water environment through half-life, in a controlled and closed experimental field, in order to contribute to the analysis of the risk of the environmental impact of the use of this product. Eight fiber-cement tanks with the storage capacity of 250 liters were used under the conditions without water flow and without replacement of water. The experiment was designed in two treatments with four repetitions, the first being colonized by water hyacinths and the second without the presence of the macrophyte. The recommended dose, according to the manufacturer, was 7.0 L•ha −1 or 3402 g•ha −1 of equivalent acid. For the application in the tanks, we have used carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) precision equipment, providing a flow rate of 200 L•ha −1 . The samples were collected on the day of the application (day zero) and 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 days thereafter (DAP). The method used for determination of residues was by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry with a mass selective detector. From the mathematical model of charge decay, the half-life of glyphosate in water was estimated to six days for the tanks without water hyacinths and sixteen days for the tanks colonized by macrophytes. The result obtained permits to conclude that the glyphosate in water is quickly degraded in closed water environments and does not leave residues that would prevent its use.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Half-Life of Glyphosate on the Control of Water Hyacinths in Water Tanks

Souza¹,

Foloni²,

Filho³

et al. 2017

JWARP

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“…Third, pesticide residue transported by wind and water erosion do not necessarily end up in the atmosphere and surface water systems alone; other land and even ocean regions can be reached by such phenomena, with deposition of transported compounds as a result (DeSutter et al, 1998;Mercurio et al, 2014). This stresses the need for better monitoring of the occurrence and spatial distribution of glyphosate and AMPA across the interlinked environmental domains of soil, water and air.…”

Section: Implications For Exposure and Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in agricultural topsoils of the European Union

Silva

Montanarella

Jones

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

291

165

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• Data on occurrence and levels of glyphosate residues in EU soils is very limited.• Glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA were tested in 317 EU agricultural topsoils.• 21% of the tested EU topsoils contained glyphosate, and 42% contained AMPA.• Both glyphosate and AMPA had a maximum concentration in soil of 2 mg kg Approval for glyphosate-based herbicides in the European Union (EU) is under intense debate due to concern about their effects on the environment and human health. The occurrence of glyphosate residues in European water bodies is rather well documented whereas only few, fragmented and outdated information is available for European soils. We provide the first large-scale assessment of distribution (occurrence and concentrations) of glyphosate and its main metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in EU agricultural topsoils, and estimate their potential spreading by wind and water erosion. Glyphosate and/or AMPA were present in 45% of the topsoils collected, originating from eleven countries and six crop systems, with a maximum concentration of 2 mg kg −1. Several glyphosate and AMPA hotspots were identified across the EU. Soil loss rates (obtained from recently derived European maps) were used to estimate the potential export of glyphosate and AMPA by wind and water erosion. The estimated exports, result of a conceptually simple model, clearly indicate that particulate transport can contribute to human and environmental exposure to herbicide residues. Residue threshold values in soils are urgently needed to define potential risks for soil health and off site effects related to export by wind and water erosion.

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“…In some cases, glyphosate may be used for the control of aquatic weeds (Tsui and Chu, 2008;Lipok et al, 2010;Miller et al, 2010) and wetland management (Gettys and Sutton, 2004;Roberts and Pullin, 2008;Mateos-Naranjo et al, 2009;Linz and Homan, 2011); therefore, aquatic flora may be subjected to high concentrations of this compound. Recent work indicates glyphosate is moderately persistent in the marine environment under low light conditions and is highly persistent in the dark, with a minor influence of temperature between 25°C and 31°C (Mercurio et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, several effects on other aquatic plants (Kegley et al, 2010), including mortality in L. minor (Lockhart et al, 1989), an effect on frond growth in L. gibba (Cooley and Foy, 1986;Sobrero et al, 2007), and changes in the chlorophyll contents in Halophila ovalis (Ralph, 2000), Spirodela punctata (Santos et al, 2001), and Eichhornia crassipes (Robles et al, 2010), have been described. According to Mercurio et al (2014), glyphosate exhibits a relatively low toxicity to non-target marine organisms, with the LC 50 s of glyphosate in the 10-1000 mg l À1 range. The accumulation of low concentrations of glyphosate in surface waters was reported by Struger et al (2008) that found up to 40.8 lg l À1 in southern Ontario (Canada) and by Davis et al (2013) that reported concentration as high as 54 lg l À1 (Australia).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%