Glycopolymers With On/Off Anchors: Confinement Effect on Regulating Dendritic Cells

Abstract

Insufficient activation or over‐activation of T cells due to the DCs state can cause negative effects on immunotherapy, making it crucial for DCs to maintain different states in different treatments. Polysaccharides is one of the most studied substances to promote DCs maturation. However, in many methods, optimizing the spatial dimension of the interaction between polysaccharides and cells has often been overlooked. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new strategy from the perspective of spatial dimension to regulate the efficacy of polysaccharides in promoting DCs maturation. We introduce an anchoring molecule (DMA) to existing glycopolymers for the confinement effect, and the effect can be turned off by oxidation of DMA. Among the prepared On‐confined (PMD2), Off‐confined (PMD2‐O), and Norm (PM2) glycopolymers, PMD2 and PMD2‐O show the best and worst results, respectively, in terms of the amount of binding to DCs and the effect on promoting DCs maturation. This sufficiently shows that the turn‐on and off of confinement effect can regulate the maturation of DCs by polysaccharides. Based on the all‐atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, the mechanism of difference in the confinement effect was explained. This simple method can also be used to regulate other molecule‐cell interactions to guide cell behavior.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Metal‐Free Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization to Prepare Recylable Micro‐Adjuvants for Dendritic Cell Vaccine

“…It is noteworthy that the concentration of copolymer grafted onto the surface for use in the DC maturation assay has been quantified at approximately 94.5 μg/mL via TG analysis. This concentration is significantly lower than previously reported levels of PMAG [15b,16] . The combination of MAG, DMC and microparticles facilitated the efficient utilization of a minimal amount of copolymer to achieve a significant impact.…”

“…Given the potential of elevated glucose levels to promote the maturation of DCs and the development of glucose‐based immune vaccines for cancer therapy, [15] we opted to employ 2‐(methacrylamido) glucopyranose (MAG) [9a,15b,16] as the primary constituent of the polymer grafted particles. Additionally, methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) was chosen as the secondary monomer to enhance the interaction between polymer grafted particles and DCs [17] .…”