Glycolipid-Based Oleogels and Organogels: Promising Nanostructured Structuring Agents

Abstract

Over the past few decades, the scientific community is actively involved in the development of edible structuring agents suitable for food, cosmetics, agricultural, pharmaceutical, and biotechnology applications. In particular, edible oil structuring using simple amphiphiles would be the best alternative for the currently used trans and saturated fatty acids, which cause deleterious health effects and cardiovascular problems. In this report, we have made an attempt to address the aforementioned consequences, by synthesizing a new class of structuring agents by a judicious combination of δ-gluconolactone and ricinoleic acid, compounds classified as GRAS, using simple steps in good yield. To our delight, the synthesized glycolipids self-assemble in a wide variety of vegetable oils and commercially viable glycerol, ethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol via various intermolecular interactions to form a gel. The morphology of molecular gels was investigated by optical microscopy and FESEM analysis, which reveal the existence of a tubular architecture with a diameter ranging from 75 to 150 nm. Rheological studies disclosed the viscoelastic nature, thermal processability, and thixotropic behavior of both oleogels and organogels. Altogether, self-assembled oleogel and organogel reported in this paper would potentially be used in food, agricultural, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological applications.

Hybrid hydrogels derived from renewable resources as a smart stimuli responsive soft material for drug delivery applications

“…By having amphiphilic N-acyl amides bearing various degree of hydrophilic groups, we further moved on investigating the gelation efficiency in various solvents and vegetable oils using the "stable to inversion" method. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Most interestingly, compounds 6a and 7a displayed oleogelation in light paraffin oil with the critical gelation concentration (CGC) of 1.0 and 0.9% (w/v) respectively. In addition, compounds 6a and 7a also formed organogel in PEG with a CGC of 1.0 and 0.85% (w/v), and hybrid hydrogel in water-DMSO (3 : 1) with a CGC of 1.3% (w/v) and 1.0% (w/v) respectively (Table 1).…”

“…Generally, aggregation of a gelator to generate supramolecular architecture in micro or nanoscale is based on the molecular structure of the gelator, solvent used, temperature and pressure. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] However, properties of so materials were governed by the molecular assembly, which requires a clear understanding across length scales controlled by intermolecular interactions.…”

“…The heating and cooling were repeated to check the thermo-reversibility and stability of these gels. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Morphological study. The morphology of the oleogel and the hydrogel were investigated using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.…”

Grasas Vegetales en Cosmetología

“…The formulation of these fats is evolving daily, as shown by a study on the gelation process, elasticity and mechanical recovery after shearing in mixed ethyl cellulose, monoglyceride and Candelilla wax oleogels [38]. Similarly, the synthesis of promising new category of glycolipidbased structuring agents (oleogels and organogels) through a combination of δ-gluconolactone and ricinoleic acid [39].…”

A facile synthesis of amphiphilic N-glycosyl naphthalimides and fabrication of flexible semiconductors using molecular self-assembly

“…2,[7][8][9] In particular, carbohydrates in their simplest form, generally referred to as either glycoside or glycoconjugates, display a broad range of applications in food, agriculture, cosmetics, health care, electronics and pharmaceutical sectors. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Depending upon the type of atom linked to the anomeric carbon of the carbohydrate moiety, glycosides were classified into C, N, S and -O glycosides. [20][21][22][23][24] Among the various glycosides reported in the literature, N-glycosides received a special attention among the researchers because of their existence as an important component in DNA, RNA, cofactors, and a large variety of signalling molecules.…”