Glycated human hemoglobin (HbA1c): functional characteristics and molecular modeling studies

Rosa, Maria Cristina De; Sanna, Maria Teresa; Messana, Irene; Castagnola, Massimo; Galtieri, Antonio; Tellone, Ester; Scatena, Roberto; Botta, Bruno; Botta, Maurizio; Giardina, Bruno

doi:10.1016/s0301-4622(98)00117-3

Cited by 56 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the blood of all vertebrates, plasma consists principally of water and contains a wide variety of substances such as proteins, cholesterol, hormones, amino acids, glucose, salts, vitamins, and antibodies. Among these an important role is performed by the glucose sugar, selected as central carbohydrate for its metabolic and structural functions [26]. Its normal concentration is regulated by several hormones but in some metabolic disorders as well as in diabetes, glucose concentration in the blood can reach toxic levels responsible for the functional and structural alterations of the cells constituting the hematic tissue.…”

Section: Mathematical Model Of the Blood And Basic Axiommentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the human blood entropy production: a new thermodynamic approach

et al. 2016

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In this paper, we follow the thermodynamic theory with internal variables of Kluitenberg evaluating the entropy production of red blood cell in saline solution and whole blood, respectively, when they are subjected to an ultrasound wave. From a thermodynamic point of view, blood is an open system; so to fully represent the entropy variation as function of frequency perturbation we employ phenomenological coefficients which allow us to qualitatively discriminate among classes of phenomena which cannot be observed in any other way. Therefore, a correlation between these coefficients and quantities experimentally measurable allows to a deeper knowledge of biological phenomena.Keywords Blood Á Entropy Á Non-equilibrium thermodynamic Á Red blood cells Á Ultrasound Sommario In questo lavoro, utilizzando la teoria termodinamica di Kluitenberg con variabili interne, viene valutata la produzione di entropia nel sangue intero e nei globuli rossi, quando questo viene perturbato con ultrasuoni in funzione della frequenza. Poiché da un punto di vista termodinamico, il sangue è un sistema aperto, determinare la variazione di entropia in funzione della frequenza è della massima importanza. A tale scopo vengono determinati i coefficienti fenomenologici da cui essa dipende, i quali, inoltre, permettono di discriminare qualitativamente classi di fenomeni che altrimenti non vengono considerate. Pertanto, una correlazione tra questi coefficienti e le quantità sperimentalmente misurabili permette di approfondire la conoscenza dei fenomeni biologici.

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Section: Mathematical Model Of the Blood And Basic Axiommentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the human blood entropy production: a new thermodynamic approach

et al. 2016

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“…This is the case of the mainly glycosylated protein in blood, the HbA1c is the result of nonenzymatic reaction of glucose with the -amino groups of the Valine residues at the Nterminus of Hb -chains. 20 Normally, only a small percentage of blood glucose, usually between 4.5% and 6%, is covalently linked to the Hb of nondiabetes population. But, under conditions of sustained hyperglycemia such as DM, a significant increase in the percentage of glycosylated Hb is commonly noted: HbA1c is increased two-to three-fold in the RBCs.…”

Section: Mathematical Model Of the Blood And Basic Axiommentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric properties of human diabetic blood: Thermodynamic characterization and new prospective for alternative diagnostic techniques

et al. 2015

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In this paper, we will show the possibility of studying physical properties and irreversible phenomena that occur in blood by applying the dielectric Kluitenberg's nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory. Namely, we shall use some recent extensions of this theory that allow to infer its main characteristic parameters from experimental measures. Applying these results to the study of normal and diabetic blood we show, by comparing them, that it is possible to determine the difference, in some details, of the amount of particular phenomena occurring inside them and give a biological meaning to these phenomena. Moreover, observing a correspondence between a particular value of the frequency for which state coefficients are equal and glucose levels we introduce an alternative diagnostic method to measure the values of the glucose in the blood by determining only this frequency value. The thermodynamic description will be completed by determining the trend of the entropy production.

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“…The prevalence of IDA is higher in low & high income countries, Adolescents, children and women are the most susceptible. In these countries, diabetes is also a rapidly increasing issue [12].In India, it is estimated that 52% of non-pregnant women of reproductive age are anemic [13]. The RBC turnover can be decreases too and this will increases glycation rate of the Hb [14].The pathogenesis of anemia varies depending on the cause and influence on HbA1c is also variable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%